Non-reciprocity and heat transfer in far from equilibrium processes
Alejandro Cabo Montes de Oca
备注：
6 pages,3 figures, contribution sent to the I International Conference on Quantum Limits of the Second Law (29-31 July, 2002), University of San Diego, San Diego, CA
A non-reciprocal phonon model for microwave or optical isolators is considered. It gives a simpler framework to further investigate the formerly argued possibility for a heat transfer between black bodies at common temperatures. While the non-dissipative device retains the Detailed Balance property, the presence of dissipation breaks it. This property allows a net transfer of heat between the two black bodies at common temperatures, whenever the absorptive elements are at lower temperatures than the one being common to the bodies.
Recently, non-reciprocal systems have become a focus of growing interest. Examples occur in soft and active matter, but also in engineered quantum materials and neural (brain) networks. Here, we investigate the impact of non-reciprocity on the collective behavior of a system of (dry) chiral active matter. Specifically, we consider a mixture of "circle swimmers" with steric interactions and non-reciprocal alignment couplings. Based on hydrodynamic equations which we derive from a set of Langevin equations, we explore the interplay of non-reciprocity, finite size, and chirality. We first conside…
The performance of a generic, cyclic heat engine between two heat reservoirs is discussed within a linear-irreversible framework. The Onsager reciprocal relation is derived as a consequence of the equivalence between quasi-static and reversible operations, under the tight-coupling condition. When the latter condition is relaxed, it is possible to achieve reversible cycle in a finite duration. Onsager reciprocity must be violated when either the quasi-static cycle is not reversible, or the reversible cycle is not quasi-static.
We examine a class of one-dimensional lattice-gases characterised by a gradient condition which guarantees the existence of Gibbs-type homogeneous stationary states. We show how, defining appropriate boundary conditions, this leads to a special symmetry of the system under time and space reversal which, rephrased in terms of the large deviations function of stationary currents of conserved quantities, yields a novel fluctuation relation under reservoir exchange, unrelated to the Gallavotti-Cohen symmetry. We then show that this relation can be interpreted as a nonequilibrium and nonlinear gene…
We develop an exact quantum thermodynamic description for a noninteracting nanoscale steady state that couples strongly with multiple reservoirs. It is demonstrated that there exists a steady-state extension of the thermodynamic function that correctly accounts for the multiterminal Landauer-Büttiker formula of quantum transport of charge, energy or heat, via the nonequilibrium thermodynamic relations. Its explicit form is obtained for a single bosonic or fermionic level in the wide-band limit, and corresponding thermodynamic forces (affinities) are identified. Nonlinear generalization of the …
In a complementary article, we exploited algebraic properties of Maxwell's equations and fundamental principles such as electromagnetic reciprocity and passivity, to derive fundamental limits to radiative heat transfer applicable in near- through far-field regimes. The limits depend on the choice of material susceptibilities and bounding surfaces enclosing arbitrarily shaped objects. In this article, we apply these bounds to two different geometric configurations of interest, namely dipolar particles or extended structures of infinite area in the near field of one another, and compare these pr…
From Near-Integrable to Far-from-Integrable: A Unified Picture of Thermalization and Heat Transport
Tianshui Normal University（天水师范学院）；Northwest Normal University（西北师范大学）；Lanzhou University（兰州大学）；Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院）；Xiamen University（厦门大学）
Low-temperature-differential (LTD) Stirling heat engines are able to operate with a small temperature difference between low-temperature heat reservoirs that exist in our daily lives, and thus they are considered to be an important sustainable energy technology. The author recently proposed a nonlinear dynamics model of an LTD kinematic Stirling heat engine to study the rotational mechanism of the engine [Y. Izumida, EPL \textbf{121}, 50004 (2018)]. This paper presents our study of the nonequilibrium thermodynamics analysis of this engine model, where a load torque against which the engine doe…
The energy conversion efficiency of far-from-equilibrium systems is generally limited by irreversible thermodynamic fluxes that make contact with different heat baths. For complex systems, the states of the maximum efficiency and the minimum entropy production are usually not equivalent. Here we show that the proper adjustments of the interaction between the energy and matter currents offer some important criteria for the performance characterizations of thermal agents, regardless of the system types and transition protocols. The universal thermodynamic coupling rule plays a critical role in i…
Modern quantum experiments provide examples of transport with non-commuting quantities, offering a tool to understand the interplay between thermal and quantum effects. Here we set forth a theory for non-Abelian transport in the linear response regime. Our key insight is to use generalized Gibbs ensembles with non-commuting charges as the basic building blocks and strict charge-preserving unitaries in a collisional setup. The linear response framework is then built using a collisional model between two reservoirs. We show that the transport coefficients obey Onsager reciprocity. Moreover, we f…
In this paper, we introduce a real symmetric and positive semi-definite matrix, which we call the non-equilibrium conductance matrix, and which generalizes the Onsager response matrix for a system in a non-equilibrium stationary state. We then express the thermodynamic efficiency in terms of the coefficients of this matrix using a parametrization similar to the one used near equilibrium. This framework, then valid arbitrarily far from equilibrium allows to set bounds on the thermodynamic efficiency by a universal function depending only on the degree of coupling between input and output curren…
We study non-canonical relaxation in a composite cold atoms system, consisting of subsystems that possess negative microcanonical specific heat. The system exhibits pre-thermalization far away from integrability due to the appearance of a single adiabatic invariant. The Thirring instability drives the constituent subsystems towards the edges of their allowed energy spectrum, thus greatly enhancing the contrast between the prethermal state and the long time thermal outcome.
