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依巴谷天体对昴宿星和毕宿星的相关错误

Correlated errors in Hipparcos parallaxes towards the Pleiades and the Hyades

Vijay K. Narayanan, Andrew Gould

摘要:

我们发现,依巴谷星团对昴星团和毕星团疏散星团的误差在空间上相关的角度尺度为2至3度,振幅高达2 mas。根据依巴谷星表的分析,这种相关性比预期的要强。我们预测的单个集群成员,pi_pm,从他们的依巴谷自行车,假设所有的集群成员有相同的空间速度。我们比较了pi_pm和它们的依巴谷松弛度pi_Hip,发现pi_Hip具有显著的空间相关性。我们推导出一个5.58 +- 0.18等的径向速度梯度法的距离模量的昴星团。这个值与使用主序拟合技术确定的距离模数5.60 ± 0.04等非常吻合,而根据昴星团成员依巴谷星群的平均值推断的距离模数为5.33 ± 0.06等。我们发现,主序拟合距离和依巴谷视差距离之间的差异,可以产生从空间相关的误差,在依巴谷视差的单个昴星团成员。虽然依巴谷星对毕宿星团的视差在空间上的相关性与昂宿星团相似,但毕宿星团的中心位于这个空间结构的节点上。因此,当估计平均距离时,视差误差抵消,导致与依巴谷前值一致的平均毕宿二距离模量。我们推测,这些空间的相关性也是负责的不一致的距离,推断使用的平均依巴谷天体到一些疏散星团。最后,我们注意到,我们的结论是基于一个纯粹的几何方法,不依赖于任何模型的恒星等时线。

英文摘要:

We show that the errors in the Hipparcos parallaxes towards the Pleiades and the Hyades open clusters are spatially correlated over angular scales of 2 to 3 deg, with an amplitude of up to 2 mas. This correlation is stronger than expected based on the analysis of the Hipparcos catalog. We predict the parallaxes of individual cluster members, pi_pm, from their Hipparcos proper motions, assuming that all cluster members have the same space velocity. We compare pi_pm with their Hipparcos parallaxes, pi_Hip, and find that there are significant spatial correlations in pi_Hip. We derive a distance modulus to the Pleiades of 5.58 +- 0.18 mag using the radial-velocity gradient method. This value, agrees very well with the distance modulus of 5.60 +- 0.04 mag determined using the main-sequence fitting technique, compared with the value of 5.33 +- 0.06 inferred from the average of the Hipparcos parallaxes of the Pleiades members. We show that the difference between the main-sequence fitting distance and the Hipparcos parallax distance can arise from spatially correlated errors in the Hipparcos parallaxes of individual Pleiades members. Although the Hipparcos parallax errors towards the Hyades are spatially correlated in a manner similar to those of the Pleiades, the center of the Hyades is located on a node of this spatial structure. Therefore, the parallax errors cancel out when the average distance is estimated, leading to a mean Hyades distance modulus that agrees with the pre-Hipparcos value. We speculate that these spatial correlations are also responsible for the discrepant distances that are inferred using the mean Hipparcos parallaxes to some open clusters. Finally, we note that our conclusions are based on a purely geometric method and do not rely on any models of stellar isochrones.

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