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arXiv 2604.02417quant-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-thmath-phmath.MPnlin.CD
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可证明的量子热化无需统计平均

Provable quantum thermalization without statistical averages

JILA and Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics, University of Colorado(科罗拉多大学物理系量子物质理论中心及JILA);University of Colorado, Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校)

Amit Vikram

AI总结:

本文提出一种系统无关的方法,通过少数体可观测量的非时间有序相关子预测大多数可访问纯态的量子热化,无需统计平均。

摘要:

我们开发了一种严谨的系统无关方法,通过少数体可观测量的非时间有序相关子预测大多数可访问纯态的量子热化。与之前的热化结果不同,该方法不局限于可观测量的统计平均,如在厄尔米特性中的时间平均或在混合中的状态平均。此外,与这些方法一致,我们保留了不需要详细了解能量本征态结构或热力学大时间的优势,这在粒子数超过少数的系统中可能难以处理。我们的方法基于一个几何结果,将热化与希尔伯特空间中高维子空间的对齐联系起来,这由“可控非局域”非时间有序相关子的饱和确定。该形式化将几乎所有复杂多体态在有限时间内的纯态量子热化问题转化为理论上或实验上可处理的少数体相关子研究,即使在热力学大系统中也是如此。

英文摘要:

We develop a rigorous system-agnostic method to predict quantum thermalization in an overwhelming fraction of accessible pure states in a many-body system, entirely in terms of certain out-of-time-ordered correlators of few-body observables. In contrast to previous rigorous results on thermalization with semiclassical counterparts, our method is not limited to statistical averages of observables, such as time averages in ergodicity or state averages in mixing. Moreover, consistent with such approaches, we retain the advantage of not requiring a detailed knowledge of energy eigenstate structure or thermodynamically large times, which can become intractable for systems with more than a handful of particles. Our approach is centered on a geometric result that connects thermalization to the alignment of high dimensional subspaces in a Hilbert space, which is determined by the saturation of "controllably nonlocal" out-of-time-ordered correlators. We discuss the possibility of predicting quantum thermalization in almost all states at almost all times from finite-time observations of a single such correlator per observable. This formalism reduces the problem of establishing pure state quantum thermalization at finite times in almost all complex many-body states to a theoretically or experimentally accessible study of few-body correlators, even in thermodynamically large systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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