开放量子系统中本征态热化假说的普遍性、鲁棒性及其极限
Universality, Robustness, and Limits of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis in Open Quantum Systems
AI总结：
研究开放量子系统中利布拉德ETH假说的普遍性、鲁棒性及极限，通过数值模拟验证其在不同条件下的有效性。
AI中文摘要：
本征态热化假说（ETH）支撑了我们对封闭量子多体系统热化的现代理解。在此，我们研究了马尔可夫开放量子系统的利布拉德算符本征基中可观测量的统计性质。我们通过多个物理模型的广泛数值模拟，证明了利布拉德ETH假说的正确性。为了突出利布拉德ETH的鲁棒性，我们考虑了所谓的稀疏点击 regime，其中只选择具有有限分数量子跃迁的量子轨迹。平均动力学由非守恒的李乌维利安生成元生成，我们证明在这种情况下的利布拉德ETH假说仍然成立。另一方面，无点击极限是一个奇点，在此点上利布拉德退化为一个双倍非厄米特哈密顿量，利布拉德ETH假说失效。
英文摘要：
The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) underpins much of our modern understanding of the thermalization of closed quantum many-body systems. Here, we investigate the statistical properties of observables in the eigenbasis of the Lindbladian operator of a Markovian open quantum system. We demonstrate the validity of a Lindbladian ETH ansatz through extensive numerical simulations of several physical models. To highlight the robustness of Lindbladian ETH, we consider what we dub the dilute-click regime of the model, in which one postselects only quantum trajectories with a finite fraction of quantum jumps. The average dynamics are generated by a non-trace-preserving Liouvillian, and we show that the Lindbladian ETH ansatz still holds in this case. On the other hand, the no-click limit is a singular point at which the Lindbladian reduces to a doubled non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and Lindbladian ETH breaks down.
