三维海洋动力学与潮锁熔岩世界的可探测性
Three-Dimensional Ocean Dynamics and Detectability of Tidally Locked Lava Worlds
AI总结：
本文研究了三维熔岩海洋动力学，推导了海洋热输送的标度律，并预测其可探测性。研究发现风力驱动的海洋环流主导其他机制，尽管流速极快，但熔岩海洋环流本身无法产生可观测的热点偏移。
摘要：
潮锁熔岩行星是接近轨道的炽热岩石世界，拥有永久熔融的白昼面。利用JWST，其表面和大气层开始被揭示。本文研究三维熔岩海洋动力学，推导出由此产生的海洋热输送（OHT）的标度律，并预测其可探测性。首次考虑了由强烈动量和质量交换与超音速大气之间的相互作用驱动的海洋环流，除了热力驱动的环流外。发现风力驱动远大于其他两种机制，驱动海洋环流达到约100 m s⁻¹，显著扩展了Matsuno-Gill响应的纬度范围。尽管这些极端流速，标度分析和三维模拟一致表明，熔岩海洋环流本身无法产生可观测的热点偏移。这种低效是因为盆地几何形状和环流结构从根本上限制了纬向热再分配，即使在剧烈流动下也抑制了大尺度经向输送。
英文摘要：
Tidally locked lava planets are hot, rocky worlds on close-in orbits with a permanent molten dayside. With JWST, their surfaces and atmospheres are beginning to be revealed. This work investigates 3D magma-ocean dynamics, derives scaling laws for the resulting ocean heat transport (OHT), and predicts its detectability. For the first time, the ocean circulation driven by the intense momentum and mass exchanges with the supersonic atmosphere is considered in addition to that by thermal forcing. The wind forcing turns out to overwhelmingly dominate the other two mechanisms, driving ocean currents reaching $\sim$100 m s$^{-1}$ and greatly expanding the latitudinal extent of the Matsuno-Gill response. Despite these extreme flow speeds, scaling analysis and 3D simulations consistently demonstrate that magma-ocean circulation alone does not produce an observable hotspot offset. This inefficiency arises because basin geometry and circulation structure fundamentally constrain zonal heat redistribution, suppressing large-scale longitudinal transport even under vigorous flow.
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