AI 中文总结
研究超级木星极光电子来源，评估凌日观测检测外卫星的可行性，通过分析SIMP 0136+0933光变曲线展示检测能力，指出约1.5天的光变曲线观测对验证外卫星为极光供能假设重要。
AI 中文摘要
研究表明木星的极光由其最内侧卫星木卫一的火山喷发提供等离子体。在近一打孤立的次恒星世界周围检测到了被认为是木星极光大规模放大类似物的重复无线电发射爆发，但其极光电子来源未知。潮汐加热的外卫星的火山活动可能为这些世界的极光提供等离子体。我们评估凌日观测是否能检测到极光活跃的次恒星世界周围的外卫星，从而验证这一假设。具体分析了已知有极光发射的12.7倍木星质量的“超级木星”SIMP 0136+0933的詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜近红外和中红外光变曲线。我们展示了在SIMP 0136+0933系统中检测外卫星的能力，木卫一与木星质量比卫星的检测成功率为66%，木卫三与木星质量比卫星的检测成功率为93%。现有光变曲线虽能证明该技术可检测凌日外卫星，但存档数据持续时间太短，无法对该系统中凌日卫星存在与否给出有意义的限制。我们得出结论，对4 - 12颗已知极光活跃的超级木星进行约1.5天的詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜光变曲线观测，足以支持或反驳这一假设。小目标样本可能就足够了，因为短卫星周期会提高凌日概率，且极光活跃的世界可能优先在近边缘倾角处被观测到。
英文摘要
Studies suggest Jupiter's aurorae are supplied with plasma from volcanic outflows on the planet's innermost moon, Io. Repeating bursts of radio emission thought to trace massively scaled-up analogs of Jupiter's aurorae have been detected around nearly a dozen isolated substellar worlds, yet the source of the electrons fueling the aurorae remains unknown. Volcanism from tidally heated exosatellites may provide the plasma that fuel the aurora on these worlds. We assess whether transit observations provide a viable means of detecting exosatellites around aurorally active substellar worlds, thereby enabling future tests of this hypothesis. Specifically, we analyze JWST near- and mid-infrared light curves of SIMP 0136+0933, a $12.7 M_J$ "super-Jupiter", known to exhibit auroral emission. We demonstrate the capability to detect exosatellites in the SIMP 0136+0933 system with satellite-to-host mass ratios comparable to those of Jupiter's Galilean moons, achieving detection success rates of 66% for Io-to-Jupiter mass ratio satellites and 93% for Ganymede-to-Jupiter mass ratio satellites. Although the existing light curve is sufficient to demonstrate that this technique is capable of detecting transiting exosatellites, the available archival data are too short in duration to place meaningful constraints on the presence of a transiting satellite in this system. We conclude that JWST light curves spanning $\sim$1.5 days for 4-12 known aurorally active super-Jupiters would be sufficient to yield evidence for or against this hypothesis. A small target sample may suffice, as short satellite periods boost transit probabilities and aurorally active worlds may be preferentially observed near edge-on inclinations.
Comments15 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Accepted to The Astronomical Journal
