温度振荡与熔池动力学在三维制造技术中的相互作用
Interplay between Temperature Oscillations and Melt Pool Dynamics in 3D Manufacturing Techniques
AI总结：
本文研究了激光熔化中温度振荡与熔池动力学的相互作用，提出了一种物理一致的模型，通过实验数据验证，并推导了振荡谱的解析方程，探讨了表面张力温度系数对熔池参数的影响。
摘要：
本文旨在将温度振荡与熔池动力学在激光熔化中实验观测到的耦合关系进行研究。文献综述表明，现有的解释主要集中在毛细管和流体动力学方面。研究表明，只有在适当考虑温度振荡的情况下，才能进行完整分析。具体而言，这种效应是一种控制熔池动力学的机制，通过加热、蒸发、毛细作用和自由表面收缩的反馈耦合来实现。本文提出了一种经过[Phys. Rev. Appl. 10, 044061 (2018)]详细数据验证的物理一致模型。在此方法中推导出振荡谱的解析方程。已证明表面振荡可以在没有键孔效应的情况下被引发。然而，键孔的形成会导致振荡谱中出现额外的模式。实际结果包括便于实时监控熔池表面温度和特征流速的公式，利用测量的吸收光谱。对表面张力温度系数对最大温度、熔池长度、自由表面振荡的自然频率和衰减系数的影响进行了深入研究。所有结果均以闭合形式公式呈现，适用于工业激光系统的设计。
英文摘要：
The aim of this paper is coupling of temperature oscillations and melt pool dynamics experimentally observed in laser melting. The literature survey has shown that the developed explanations are mainly focused on the capillary and hydrodynamic aspects of the problem. As shown, complete analysis is only possible if the temperature oscillations are properly accounted for. Specifically, this effect is a governing mechanism that controls the melt pool dynamics via feedback coupling of heating, evaporation, capillarity and free-surface contraction. The present study suggests a physically consistent model validated on the detailed data of the time-resolved absorptance measured in [Phys. Rev. Appl. 10, 044061 (2018)]. An analytical equation is derived for oscillation spectra within this approach. It has been proved that the surface oscillations can be initiated without the keyhole effect. However, keyhole formation can cause additional modes to appear in the oscillation spectrum. The practical results include the formulas that are convenient for real-time monitoring of the surface temperature and characteristic flow velocity in the molten pool using the measured absorptance spectra. The impact of the temperature coefficient of surface tension on the maximal temperature, pool length, natural frequency of the free surface oscillations, and attenuation coefficient is thoroughly studied. All results are presented as closed-form formulas suitable for design of industrial laser systems.
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