熔化极气体保护焊坡口形状对金属液流动行为的影响
The Effect of Groove Shape on Molten Metal Flow Behaviour in Gas Metal Arc Welding
摘要：
电弧焊工艺的开发、鉴定和优化的挑战之一在于表征复杂的熔池行为，其对工艺参数的变化表现出高度非线性的响应。本文提出了一种基于模拟的方法来描述气体保护金属极电弧焊（GMAW）根部焊道熔池行为。采用增强的物理计算模型进行了三维数值模拟，揭示了坡口形状对GMAW中复杂的非稳态传热和流体流动的影响。考虑了表面变形对功率密度分布的影响以及作用在熔融材料上的力。利用这个模型，复杂的热量和流体在熔池中的流动可视化，并描述了不同的凹槽形状。此外，还进行了实验来验证数值预测，并证明了本计算模型的鲁棒性。该模型可用于探索熔化极气体保护电弧根焊过程中控制流体流动和熔池稳定性的物理效应。
英文摘要：
One of the challenges for development, qualification and optimisation of arc welding processes lies in characterising the complex melt-pool behaviour which exhibits highly non-linear responses to variations of process parameters. The present work presents a simulation-based approach to describe the melt-pool behaviour in root-pass gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Three-dimensional numerical simulations have been performed using an enhanced physics-based computational model to unravel the effect of groove shape on complex unsteady heat and fluid flow in GMAW. The influence of surface deformations on power-density distribution and the forces applied to the molten material was taken into account. Utilising this model, the complex heat and fluid flow in melt pools were visualised and described for different groove shapes. Additionally, experiments were performed to validate the numerical predictions and the robustness of the present computational model is demonstrated. The model can be used to explore physical effects of governing fluid flow and melt-pool stability during gas metal arc root welding.
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