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arXiv 2603.08985astro-ph.SR
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可变磁场与自适应混合长度:重现锂丰度并约束太阳型恒星在星团中的自转演化

Variable magnetic field and adaptive mixing-length: reproducing Li abundances and constraining rotational evolution of solar-type stars in clusters

University of Granada(格拉纳达大学)

R. Caballero Navarro, A. García Hernández, J. C. Suárez

AI总结:

本研究通过动态调整磁场强度和混合长度参数,重现太阳型恒星锂丰度并约束其自转演化,但尚需进一步物理机制改进。

摘要:

研究太阳和年轻恒星球状星团中观测到的锂(Li)表层丰度异常,对深入了解影响锂耗尽的机制具有重要前景。本研究通过旋转模型网格,探讨了预主序(PMS)和主序(MS)太阳型恒星中自转混合与自转静力效应的复杂相互作用。我们采用了一种新方法,其中磁场强度(B)和混合长度参数(alpha-MLT)随恒星参数动态变化。这种方法避免了固定值,旨在减少自由参数的同时捕捉关键物理变化。我们的模型重现了太阳型恒星的观测锂丰度(A(Li) = 1.12 dex),与现今太阳值(1.1 ± 0.1 dex)一致,并在PMS和MS阶段产生了一致的自转减速趋势。然而,在太阳年龄(4.57 Gyr)时,相同模型预测赤道自转速率(v = 4.72 km/s vs. 2.0 km/s)和平均表层磁场(B = 36.9 G vs. 1 G)均过高。这些差异反映了额外角动量损失机制的遗漏以及可能的磁场饱和物理过简化。尽管自适应alpha-MLT在现龄时收敛到太阳校准值([1.76, 1.78]),但其在早期阶段的变异性显著影响了锂耗尽。我们比较了64个开放星团的观测数据。结果显示,纳入时间依赖的B和alpha-MLT提高了锂预测并捕捉了自转演化趋势,但尚无法在不引入额外物理的情况下重现现今太阳的自转和磁场通量。我们讨论了这些限制并概述了未来工作以构建更完整的太阳型恒星模型。

英文摘要:

Investigating the apparent anomalies in lithium (Li) surface abundance observed in the Sun and young stellar globular clusters holds significant promise for advancing our understanding of the mechanisms influencing Li depletion. This study delves into the intricate interplay between rotational mixing and rotational hydrostatic effects in pre-main-sequence (PMS) and main-sequence (MS) solar-type stars by employing grids of rotating models. We implement a novel approach in which both the magnetic field strength (B) and the mixing-length parameter (alpha-MLT) vary dynamically with stellar parameters. This avoids fixed values and aims to reduce free parameters while capturing key physical variability. Our models reproduce the observed Li abundance of Sun-like stars (A(Li) = 1.12 dex) consistent with the present-day solar value (1.1 +- 0.1 dex) and yield qualitatively consistent rotational spin-down trends across PMS and MS phases. However, at the solar age (4.57 Gyr), the same models over-predict the equatorial rotation rate (v = 4.72 kms-1 vs. 2.0 kms-1) and the mean surface magnetic field (B = 36.9 G vs. 1 G). These discrepancies reflect the omission of additional angular momentum loss mechanisms and possible oversimplifications in magnetic saturation physics. While the adaptive alpha-MLT converges to the solar-calibrated value ([1.76, 1.78]) at the present age, its variability during earlier phases significantly influences Li depletion. We compare predictions with observational data from 64 open clusters. The results demonstrate that incorporating time-dependent B and alpha-MLT improves Li predictions and captures rotational evolution trends, but cannot yet reproduce the present-day solar rotation and magnetic flux without additional physics. We discuss these limitations and outline future work for a more complete model of solar-type stars.

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