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arXiv 2603.02168cond-mat.stat-mech
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动能波动与特定热容在广义集合中的研究

Kinetic energy fluctuations and specific heat in generalized ensembles

Research Center in the intersection of Plasma Physics, Matter and Complexity (P 2 mc), Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear(等离子体物理、物质与复杂性交叉研究中心,智利核能委员会);Departamento de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello(安第斯贝尔纳多·乌尼韦斯德洛大学精确科学学院物理与天文学系)

Sergio Davis, Catalina Ruíz, Claudia Loyola, Carlos Femenías, Joaquín Peralta

AI总结:

本文推导了广义集合中动能波动与特定热容的通用公式,并通过模拟和计算验证其在具有负热容系统中的应用。

摘要:

我们推导了一个广义集合中著名的Lebowitz--Percus--Verlet(LPV)公式的确切推广,该公式将孤立系统的动能波动与其特定热容联系起来。我们的通用公式通过应用期望恒等式得出,适用于任意稳态集合和系统大小,用总能量方差和微正则特定热容表示动能的相对方差。通常的微正则LPV公式可以作为能量波动消失的特殊情况恢复。我们通过超统计谐振子系统的蒙特卡罗模拟以及均匀能量集合中能量方差的精确计算来检验该公式的有效性,讨论其在具有负热容和集合不等价性系统中的相关性,如有限核和自引力模型。我们的结果可能在研究有限系统中的非平衡相变中提供有用的见解。

英文摘要:

We derive an exact generalization of the well-known Lebowitz--Percus--Verlet (LPV) formula that relates the kinetic energy fluctuations of an isolated system to its specific heat. Our general formula, obtained by the application of expectation identities, is valid for arbitrary steady--state ensembles and system sizes, expressing the relative variance of the kinetic energy in terms of the variance of total energy and the microcanonical specific heat. The usual microcanonical LPV formula can be readily recovered as a particular case where energy fluctuations vanish. We test the validity of the generalized formula by performing Monte Carlo simulations of a superstatistical system of harmonic oscillators, as well as by exact calculation of energy variances in a uniform--energy ensemble, discussing its relevance to systems exhibiting negative heat capacity and ensemble inequivalence, as encountered in finite nuclei and self--gravitating models. Our results may provide useful in the study of non-equilibrium phase transitions in finite systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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