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arXiv 2602.20760hep-ph
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暗温度层级与电弱相变中的引力波

Dark Temperature Hierarchies and Gravitational Waves from the Electroweak Phase Transition

Vellore Institute of Technology(维洛尔理工学院)

Arnab Chaudhuri

AI总结:

暗物质温度层级影响电弱相变引力波信号,使振幅增强数倍并改变频率范围,接近未来空间干涉仪灵敏度。

摘要:

我们研究了一个半解耦暗物质领域相对于标准模型等离子体具有温度层级对电弱相变及其相关引力波信号的影响。在最小Higgs-portal扩展框架内,我们允许暗物质领域在电弱时期具有更高的温度,同时保持与宇宙学对额外相对论自由度的限制一致。温度层级改变了有效势能的热结构并改变了核化动力学,而无需要求大的portal耦合或极端超冷却。在宇宙学允许的范围内,我们发现引力波振幅比标准热力学情况增强了一个数量级以上,同时峰值频率在毫赫兹范围内发生了偏移。所得到的随机背景明显接近未来空间干涉仪的预期灵敏度。我们的结果表明,隐藏领域温度层级可以在最小和近似框架内对电弱尺度相变留下可观测的印记。

英文摘要:

We investigate the impact of a semi-decoupled dark sector with a temperature hierarchy relative to the Standard Model plasma on the electroweak phase transition and its associated gravitational wave signal. Working within a minimal Higgs-portal extension, we allow the dark sector to possess a higher temperature at the electroweak epoch while remaining consistent with cosmological bounds on additional relativistic degrees of freedom. The temperature hierarchy modifies the thermal structure of the effective potential and alters nucleation dynamics without requiring large portal couplings or extreme supercooling. Within the cosmologically allowed window, we find a monotonic enhancement of the gravitational wave amplitude by more than an order of magnitude compared to the standard thermal case, accompanied by a shift of the peak frequency within the millihertz regime. The resulting stochastic background moves substantially closer to the projected sensitivity of future space-based interferometers. Our results demonstrate that hidden-sector temperature hierarchies can leave observable imprints on electroweak-scale phase transitions even in minimal and perturbative frameworks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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