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arXiv 2602.18653cs.CG
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动态三维凸包重新审视及其应用

Dynamic 3D Convex Hulls Revisited and Applications

Kahlert School of Computing, University of Utah(犹他大学卡尔赫特计算机学院)

Haitao Wang

AI总结:

本文重新审视Chan的动态三维凸包框架,改进删除时间并保持插入时间,同时调整查询时间以实现更高效的动态凸包维护与最近邻搜索。

摘要:

Chan [JACM, 2010] 提出了一种数据结构,用于维护动态点集的三维凸包,在插入和删除操作下支持极值点查询。Kaplan、Mulzer、Roditty、Seiferth 和 Sharir [DCG, 2020] 以及 Chan [DCG, 2020] 的后续改进在保持框架的同时改进了界限。目前的最佳结果实现了 O(log²n) 的平均插入时间,O(log⁴n) 的平均删除时间和 O(log²n) 的最坏查询时间。这些技术还通过对偶性实现了动态二维欧几里得最近邻搜索,其中问题转化为维护3D平面的下包络线以进行垂直射线查询。使用随机化的垂直浅切割,Kaplan等人 [DCG, 2020] 和 Liu [SICOMP, 2022] 将框架扩展到一般3D曲面的动态下包络线,获得相同的渐进行为并实现了在一般距离函数下的最近邻搜索。我们重新审视 Chan 的框架,并提出一种修改的结构,将删除时间减少到 O(log³n log log n),同时保持 O(log²n) 的平均插入时间,但以查询时间增加到 O(log³n / log log n) 为代价。当总体复杂度由删除操作主导时,这在之前的结果上提高了大约一个对数因子。

英文摘要:

Chan [JACM, 2010] gave a data structure for maintaining the convex hull of a dynamic set of 3D points under insertions and deletions, supporting extreme-point queries. Subsequent refinements by Kaplan, Mulzer, Roditty, Seiferth, and Sharir [DCG, 2020] and Chan [DCG, 2020] preserved the framework while improving bounds. The current best result achieves $O(\log^2 n)$ amortized insertion time, $O(\log^4 n)$ amortized deletion time, and $O(\log^2 n)$ worst-case query time. These techniques also yield dynamic 2D Euclidean nearest neighbor searching via duality, where the problem becomes maintaining the lower envelope of 3D planes for vertical ray-shooting queries. Using randomized vertical shallow cuttings, Kaplan et al. [DCG, 2020] and Liu [SICOMP, 2022] extended the framework to dynamic lower envelopes of general 3D surfaces, obtaining the same asymptotic bounds and enabling nearest neighbor searching under general distance functions. We revisit Chan's framework and present a modified structure that reduces the deletion time to $O(\log^3 n \log\log n)$, while retaining $O(\log^2 n)$ amortized insertion time, at the cost of increasing the query time to $O(\log^3 n / \log\log n)$. When the overall complexity is dominated by deletions, this yields an improvement of roughly a logarithmic factor over previous results.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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