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针对快速旋转的近地小天体的专项调查:双米双镜望远镜。I. 观测策略与初步结果

A dedicated survey of fast-rotating near-Earth asteroids with the Two-meter Twin Telescope. I. Observational strategy and first results

Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC)(加那利天体物理学研究所);Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL)(拉帕尔马大学天体物理系);Light Bridges, Observatorio Astronómico del Teide(特德天文台光桥)

Miguel R. Alarcon, Javier Licandro, Miquel Serra-Ricart

AI总结:

本文通过双米双镜望远镜对249个近地小天体进行高频率光度学调查,发现快速自转在小NEA中普遍存在,表明适度的内聚强度是防止其自转破坏的关键。

摘要:

小近地天体(NEAs)的自转特性为了解其内部结构和碰撞历史提供了关键见解。然而,针对米至十米大小天体的系统性调查很少,因此它们的自转分布约束不足。我们的目标是量化快速自转的普遍性,并表征小NEAs的自转速率分布,以约束其内部强度和演化。我们使用双米双镜望远镜(TTT)对249个NEAs进行了专门的高频率光度学调查。通过密集时间序列数据推导出自转周期和振幅,以将对象分类为快速或非快速自转者。我们确定了156个新的快速自转者(P < 2.2小时),包括87个自转速度超过10分钟的天体。快速自转者的普遍性随着绝对星等增加:从22 < H < 24时的60.6-80.3%增加到24 < H < 26时的77.3-89.4%,以及H > 26时的94.1-96.1%,表明在小NEA群体中快速自转占主导地位。大多数天体的自转速度超过由重力定义的极限;98个目标需要超过弱碎石堆的内聚强度,22个只能与致密、高强度内部相容。这是首次针对此类小NEA自转的系统性调查,提供了由单一活动获得的最大同质快速自转样本。我们的发现表明,对于小于十米大小的天体,快速自转是常态,暗示需要适度的内聚强度以防止其自转破坏。

英文摘要:

The rotational properties of small near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) provide crucial insights into their internal structure and collisional history. However, systematic surveys targeting metre- to decametre-sized bodies are rare, thus leaving their spin distribution poorly constrained. Our aim was to quantify the prevalence of fast rotation and characterise the spin-rate distribution of small NEAs to constrain their internal strength and evolution. We conducted a dedicated high-cadence photometric survey of 249 NEAs using the Two-meter Twin Telescope (TTT). Rotation periods and amplitudes were derived from dense time series to classify objects as fast or non-fast rotators. We determined the rotation period of 156 new fast rotators (P < 2.2 h), including 87 that rotate faster than 10 min. The prevalence of fast rotators increases with absolute magnitude: from 60.6-80.3 % for 22 < H < 24 to 77.3-89.4 % for 24 < H < 26 and 94.1-96.1 % for H > 26, indicating that fast rotation dominates in the small NEA population. Most objects spin faster than the gravity-defined limit; 98 targets require cohesive strengths exceeding that of weak rubble piles, and 22 are compatible only with compact, high-strength interiors. This is the first systematic survey targeting the rotation of such small NEAs, providing the largest homogeneous sample of fast rotators obtained by a single campaign. Our findings demonstrate that fast rotation is the norm for objects smaller than tens of metres, implying that modest cohesive strength is required to prevent their rotational disruption.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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