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arXiv 1909.04788astro-ph.EP
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来自可探测近地天体巡天任务(MANOS)的可见光谱学:分类学对小行星大小的依赖性

Visible spectroscopy from the Mission Accessible Near-Earth Object Survey (MANOS): Taxonomic dependence on asteroid size

Maxime Devogele, Nicholas Moskovitz, Audrey Thirouin, Annika Gustaffson, Mitchell Magnuson, Cristina Thomas, Mark Willman, Eric Christensen, Michael Person, Ric… 展开作者

Maxime Devogele, Nicholas Moskovitz, Audrey Thirouin, Annika Gustaffson, Mitchell Magnuson, Cristina Thomas, Mark Willman, Eric Christensen, Michael Person, Richard Binzel, David Polishook, Francesca DeMeo, Mary Hinkle, David Trilling, Michael Mommert, Brian Burt, Brian Skiff

摘要:

可探测近地天体巡天飞行任务的目的是对航天器可以接近(平均$Δv$ ~ 5.7公里/秒)并与地球近距离接近(平均最小轨道交点距离MOID ~ 0.03天文单位)的小型(平均绝对星等H ~ 25等)近地天体进行观测和定性。我们在这里提出的第一个结果的MANOS可见光谱调查。这些光谱是从2013年8月到2018年3月在洛厄尔天文台的探索频道4.3米望远镜以及双子座南北设施获得的。总共观测到210个近地天体并对其进行了分类。我们的分类分布显示出显着的变化与调查较大的对象。我们怀疑这是由于主带源区对物体大小的依赖。与之前对较大天体的调查(Binzel et al. 2019,2004; Perna et al. 2018)相比,我们报告了43.8 $\pm$ 4.6%的S+ Q复合小行星的比例较低。我们将这种减少与缺乏Phocaea家庭成员在非常小的尺寸。我们还报告了较高的分数的X-复合体和A-型小行星的23.8 $\pm$ 3.3%和3.8 $\pm$ 1.3%,分别由于匈牙利家庭对象在小尺寸的增加。我们发现Q/S比和近日点距离之间有很强的相关性。我们认为这种相关性是由于行星与金星的近距离接触在将小行星从S型转变为Q型方面发挥了重要作用。这一假设得到了Q/S比和金星MOID之间类似相关性的支持。

英文摘要:

The Mission Accessible Near-Earth Object Survey (MANOS) aims to observe and characterize small (mean absolute magnitude H ~ 25 mag) Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) that are accessible by spacecraft (mean $Δv$ ~ 5.7 km/s) and that make close approaches with the Earth (mean Minimum Orbital Intersection Distance MOID ~ 0.03 AU). We present here the first results of the MANOS visible spectroscopic survey. The spectra were obtained from August 2013 to March 2018 at Lowell Observatory's Discovery Channel 4.3 meter telescope, and both Gemini North and South facilities. In total, 210 NEOs have been observed and taxonomically classified. Our taxonomic distribution shows significant variations with respect to surveys of larger objects. We suspect these to be due to a dependence of Main Belt source regions on object size. Compared to previous surveys of larger objects (Binzel et al. 2019, 2004; Perna et al. 2018), we report a lower fraction of S+Q-complex asteroids of 43.8 $\pm$ 4.6%. We associate this decrease with a lack of Phocaea family members at very small size. We also report higher fractions of X-complex and A-type asteroids of 23.8 $\pm$ 3.3% and 3.8 $\pm$ 1.3% respectively due to an increase of Hungaria family objects at small size. We find a strong correlation between the Q/S ratio and perihelion distance. We suggest this correlation is due to planetary close encounters with Venus playing a major role in turning asteroids from S to Q-type. This hypothesis is supported by a similar correlation between the Q/S ratio and Venus MOID.

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