选择小行星进行有针对性的光谱测量
Selecting asteroids for a targeted spectroscopic survey
摘要：
小行星光谱学反映了表面矿物学。只有几千颗小行星的表面被光谱观测到。确定这些物体的表面特性对于许多实际和科学应用都很重要，例如制定撞击偏转战略或研究太阳系的历史和演变以及行星形成。本研究的目的是开发一种预选方法，可用于搜索任何分类复杂的小行星。该方法可以用于多种应用，如寻找失踪的V型或寻找原始小行星。我们使用贝叶斯朴素分类器结合斯隆数字巡天和宽视场红外巡天探测器巡天过程中获得的观测结果，以及已知分类类型的小行星的小行星相位曲线数据库。使用新的分类方法，我们已经选择了一些可能的V型候选者。北欧光学望远镜和南非大型望远镜对其中一些候选天体进行了光谱观测。我们已经开发并测试了新的预选方法。我们在中部/外部主带发现了三颗小行星，它们可能是分化型的。近红外线仍然需要证实这一发现。与其他研究类似，我们发现V型候选者聚集在灶神星家族周围，在中部/东部主带中很少见。新方法表明，即使是大量探索的大型数据库组合在一起，仍然可以进一步利用，例如解决丢失的纯橄榄岩问题。
英文摘要：
Asteroid spectroscopy reflects surface mineralogy. There are few thousand asteroids whose surfaces have been observed spectrally. Determining the surface properties of those objects is important for many practical and scientific applications, such as for example developing impact deflection strategies or studying history and evolution of the Solar System and planet formation. The aim of this study is to develop a pre-selection method that can be utilized in searching for asteroids of any taxonomic complex. The method could then be utilized im multiple applications such as searching for the missing V-types or looking for primitive asteroids. We used the Bayes Naive Classifier combined with observations obtained in the course of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer surveys as well as a database of asteroid phase curves for asteroids with known taxonomic type. Using the new classification method we have selected a number of possible V-type candidates. Some of the candidates were than spectrally observed at the Nordic Optical Telescope and South African Large Telescope. We have developed and tested the new pre-selection method. We found three asteroids in the mid/outer Main Belt that are likely of differentiated type. Near-Infrared are still required to confirm this discovery. Similarly to other studies we found that V-type candidates cluster around the Vesta family and are rare in the mid/oter Main Belt. The new method shows that even largely explored large databases combined together could still be further exploited in for example solving the missing dunite problem.
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