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arXiv 2602.14641quant-phcs.LG
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基于小型复杂医疗数据集的中性原子量子共振计算

Quantum Reservoir Computing with Neutral Atoms on a Small, Complex, Medical Dataset

Centre for Quantum Information, Simulation;Algorithms, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia;Centre for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia;School of Medicine \& Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia;Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia;Pawsey Supercomputing Research Centre, Perth, WA, 6152, Australia;QuEra Computing Inc., 1284 Soldiers Field Road, Boston, MA, 02135, USA;School of Physics, Mathematics;Computing, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley WA, 6009, Australia

Luke Antoncich, Yuben Moodley, Ugo Varetto, Jingbo Wang, Jonathan Wurtz, Jing Chen, Pascal Jahan Elahi, Casey R. Myers

AI总结:

本研究利用中性原子量子共振计算在小型复杂医疗数据集上实现更高的预测准确率和稳定性,通过硬件执行实现正则化效果。

摘要:

基于生物标志物的临床结果预测因非线性关系、相关特征和许多医疗数据集的有限规模而具有挑战性。经典机器学习方法在这种情况下可能会遇到困难,因此需要寻找替代方法。在本工作中,我们研究了量子共振计算(QRC),使用无噪声模拟和在中性原子瑞利德堡处理器Aquila上的硬件执行。我们使用六个经典机器学习模型评估性能,并使用SHAP生成特征子集。我们发现,训练在模拟量子特征上的模型在测试准确率方面与训练在经典特征上的模型相当,但具有更高的训练准确率和更大的数据分割变异性,这与过拟合一致。当比较QRC在硬件执行与无噪声模拟时,模型在不同数据分割下更加稳健,通常在测试准确率上表现出统计学上显著的改进。这种准确率提高和稳定性增加的结合表明,硬件执行可能产生一种正则化效应。为了研究这种行为的起源,我们检查了硬件和模拟量子特征分布之间的统计差异。我们发现,硬件执行施加了一种结构化、时间依赖的转换,其特点是向均值压缩和相对于模拟的互信息逐步减少。

英文摘要:

Biomarker-based prediction of clinical outcomes is challenging due to nonlinear relationships, correlated features, and the limited size of many medical datasets. Classical machine-learning methods can struggle under these conditions, motivating the search for alternatives. In this work, we investigate quantum reservoir computing (QRC), using both noiseless emulation and hardware execution on the neutral-atom Rydberg processor \textit{Aquila}. We evaluate performance with six classical machine-learning models and use SHAP to generate feature subsets. We find that models trained on emulated quantum features achieve mean test accuracies comparable to those trained on classical features, but have higher training accuracies and greater variability over data splits, consistent with overfitting. When comparing hardware execution of QRC to noiseless emulation, the models are more robust over different data splits and often exhibit statistically significant improvements in mean test accuracy. This combination of improved accuracy and increased stability is suggestive of a regularising effect induced by hardware execution. To investigate the origin of this behaviour, we examine the statistical differences between hardware and emulated quantum feature distributions. We find that hardware execution applies a structured, time-dependent transformation characterised by compression toward the mean and a progressive reduction in mutual information relative to emulation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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