发表机构
Università degli Studi di Milano; Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems (IFISC) UIB-CSIC; Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche（米兰大学; 跨学科物理与复杂系统研究所（IFISC）巴利阿里群岛大学-西班牙国家研究委员会; 意大利国家研究委员会光子学与纳米技术研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究模拟中性原子阵列中的受控耗散，证明其是引发回波状态属性、衰减记忆和可分离性的必要条件，并发现计算性能在量子混沌边缘得到提升，仅用5个原子即可解决Mackey-Glass等复杂非线性任务，为近期量子设备上的固有时间处理建立了工程化耗散量子储备池的框架。
AI 中文摘要
量子储备池计算（QRC）利用量子多体系统的丰富动力学，以高维状态空间处理时间相关信息。虽然中性原子阵列为此范式提供了可扩展的平台，但在不依赖外部经典缓冲的情况下实现固有时间记忆，需要对系统的弛豫动力学进行精确控制。我们解决了强制执行衰减记忆所需的特定非酉动力学，同时克服了可分离性缺失的问题。本研究模拟并实证确定了最大化储备池计算能力所需的具体动力学机制，探讨了耗散量、处于量子混沌边缘的有效性，以及时间多路复用相对于系统物理尺寸缩放的效果。我们在此表明，在中性原子阵列中，受控耗散对于引发回波状态属性、衰减记忆和可分离性是严格必要的。计算性能在量子混沌边缘得到提升。单相位阻尼通道提供的反直觉残余记忆，通过引入基于纯输出的模型得到了合理解释。由此实现的方案能够解决复杂的非线性任务，如Mackey-Glass时间序列，仅需$N=5$个原子。我们建立了一个严格的框架，用于工程化耗散量子储备池，以满足近期量子设备上固有时间处理的需求。
英文摘要
Quantum Reservoir Computing (QRC) exploits the rich dynamics of quantum many-body systems to process time-dependent information with high-dimensional state spaces. While neutral atom arrays offer a scalable platform for this paradigm, realizing intrinsic temporal memory without relying on external classical buffering requires precise control over the relaxation dynamics of the system. We address the necessity of specific non-unitary dynamics for enforcing fading memory while overcoming the lack of separability. This study simulates and empirically identifies the specific dynamical regimes required to maximize the computational capacity of the reservoir, addressing the amount of dissipation, the effectiveness of lying at the edge of quantum chaos, and that of time-multiplexing compared to the scaling of the physical size of the system. Here we show that controlled dissipation is strictly necessary to induce echo state property, fading memory, and separability, in neutral atom arrays. Computational performance increases at the edge of quantum chaos. The counter-intuitive residual memory provided by the unital phase damping channel is justified by introducing a model based on pure outputs. The consequent implementation enables the solution of complex non-linear tasks, such as the Mackey-Glass time series, with as few as $N=5$ atoms. We establish a rigorous framework for engineering dissipative quantum reservoirs required for intrinsic temporal processing on near-term quantum devices.
Comments17 pages, 8 figures
