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arXiv 2602.12019astro-ph.CO
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宇宙双折射是由于暗能量还是暗物质?基于模拟的推断

Is cosmic birefringence due to dark energy or dark matter? Simulation-based inference

International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA)(国际高等研究院);Universita di Trento(特伦托大学);Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics(马克斯·普朗克天体物理学研究所);Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München(慕尼黑大学);Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo(东京大学宇宙物理数学研究所(Kavli IPMU,WPI));INFN Sezione di Trieste(意大利国家核物理研究所的里雅斯特分部);IFPU(岛屿基础与前沿物理研究所)

Florie Carralot, Patricia Diego-Palazuelos, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Eiichiro Komatsu, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, Carlo Baccigalupi

AI总结:

本文利用基于模拟的推断技术,研究低多极子下的EB相关性,以区分暗能量和暗物质对宇宙双折射的解释,并发现标量场质量的后验分布具有显著的尺度依赖性。

摘要:

基于模拟的推断(SBI)是一种强大的推断技术,用于在无法确定似然函数确切形式的情况下。一个典型例子是宇宙微波背景(CMB)场的各向异性功率谱的似然函数,在低多极子(ℓ≈10)情况下。在本文中,我们利用SBI研究E-模式和B-模式极化场之间的 parity-violating 相关性。低ℓ下的EB相关性对于区分可能的轴子暗能量和暗物质解释至关重要,这些解释涉及“宇宙双折射”,即CMB线性偏振平面的旋转,最近由WMAP、Planck和Atacama Cosmology Telescope数据报告。我们使用神经似然估计来推断低ℓ下的EB相关性的似然,并显示其高度非高斯。然后,我们利用神经后验估计来约束标量场质量(m_ϕ)、宇宙双折射幅度(gϕ_in/2)和仪器误校准角度(α),从模拟数据集中。我们发现m_ϕ的后验显示两个区域,以10^{-32} eV为界,突显了对宇宙双折射尺度依赖性的强敏感性。为了量化这种行为,我们计算了不同fiducial值的m_ϕ下的概率p(m_ϕ < 10^{-32} eV)。我们发现α和透镜B模式的贡献最终限制了我们完全排除暗能量场景的能力。

英文摘要:

Simulation-based inference (SBI) is a powerful inference technique for cases where the exact functional form of the likelihood is not known. A prime example is the likelihood of cross-correlation power spectra of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) fields at low multipoles, $\ell\lesssim 10$. In this paper, we investigate a parity-violating cross-correlation between $E$- and $B$- mode polarization fields using SBI. The $EB$ correlation at low $\ell$ is essential to distinguish between possible axion dark energy and dark matter interpretations of `cosmic birefringence', a rotation of the plane of linear polarization of the CMB, recently reported from WMAP, Planck, and Atacama Cosmology Telescope data. We use neural likelihood estimation to infer the likelihood of the $EB$ correlation at low $\ell$ and show that it is highly non-Gaussian. We then employ neural posterior estimation to constrain the scalar field mass ($m_ϕ$), the cosmic birefringence amplitude ($gϕ_\mathrm{in}/2$), and the instrumental miscalibration angle ($α$), from simulated datasets. We find that the posterior on $m_ϕ$ shows two regimes, with a transition marked by $10^{-32}$ eV, highlighting a strong sensitivity to the scale dependence of cosmic birefringence. To quantify this behavior, we compute the probability $p(m_ϕ < 10^{-32}$ eV) for various fiducial values of $m_ϕ$. We find that $α$ and the contribution of lensed $B$ modes ultimately limit our ability to exclude the dark energy scenario fully.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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