A Faint Progenitor System for the Faint Supernova 2024vjm
Weizmann Institute of Science(魏茨曼科学研究所);Radboud University(拉德堡德大学);University of Cape Town(开普敦大学);South African Astronomical Observatory(南非天文台);Institute of Science and Technology Austria(奥地利科学技术院);Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学安东·潘内科克天体物理研究所);INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova(意大利国家天体物理研究所帕多瓦天文台);University of California, Davis(加州大学戴维斯分校);Zhejiang University(浙江大学)
Erez A. Zimmerman, Avishay Gal-Yam, Paul J. Groot, Eran O. Ofek, Jan van Roestel, Andrea Pastorello, Stefano Valenti, Aravind P. Ravi, Ping Chen, Steve Schulze,… 展开作者
Erez A. Zimmerman, Avishay Gal-Yam, Paul J. Groot, Eran O. Ofek, Jan van Roestel, Andrea Pastorello, Stefano Valenti, Aravind P. Ravi, Ping Chen, Steve Schulze, Nadejda Blagorodnova, Maxime Wavasseur, Marco A. Gomez-Munoz, Hugo Tranin, Simon de Wet, Giorgos Leloudas, Paul M. Vreeswijk, Lindsey A. Kwok, Michaela Schwab, Saurabh W. Jha, Kate Maguire, David J. Sand, Eric Stringer, Thomas Kupfer, Tamar Faran, Joseph P. Anderson, Jennifer Andrews, Moira Andrews, Avshalom Badash, Steven Bloemen, K. Azalee Bostroem, Ting-Wan Chen, Massimo Della Valle, Georgios Dimitriadis, Yize Dong, Joseph R. Farah, James H. Gillanders, Benjamin Godson, Mariusz Gromadzki, Daichi Hiramatsu, Emily Hoang, D. Andrew Howell, Daryl Janzen, Hanindyo Kuncarayakti, Jiaxuan Li, Joseph D. Lyman, Keiichi Maeda, Mark R. Magee, Curtis McCully, Darshana Mehta, Andrew Milligan, Shane Moran, Yuan Qi Ni, David O'Neill, Jeniveve Pearson, Danielle L. A. Pieterse, Giuliano Pignata, Andrea Reguitti, Daniel E. Reichart, Nicolas Meza Retamal, Rita P. Santos, Simone Scaringi, Manisha Shrestha, Shubham Srivastav, Fiorenzo Stoppa, Bhagya Subrayan, Giorgio Valerin, Xiaofeng Wang, Kathryn Wynn, Ofer Yaron, Weicheng Zang
Ia型超新星(SNe Ia)因其作为可标准化的宇宙烛光而广为人知。其一致性归功于其单一起源于白矮星(WD)的热核爆炸。然而,一些SNe Ia打破了这种规律性。尤其是Iax子类,能量较低且异常多样,引发了对其前身系统的疑问。尽管从未发现过正常SNe Ia的前身系统,但在亮SN Iax SN 2012Z的爆炸前图像中识别出了一颗蓝超巨星,被认为是一个氦巨星伴星,作为向WD SN前身提供质量的供体。这与弱质量吸积的WD从二元伴星产生爆炸的模型一致,这种爆炸不完全破坏恒星。然而,这些模型无法解释最暗的Iax类爆炸的性质,表明它们可能起源于其他WD二元系统,甚至可能起源于大质量前身恒星。在此,我们提出了暗淡的SN Iax SN 2024vjm——可能是到目前为止观测到的最暗的超新星。利用欧几里得空间任务最近发射的深预爆炸图像,我们显示其前身系统必须比SN 2012Z的氦巨星前身候选者以及2008ha暗淡SN的蓝红色伴星或残骸更暗,并可能需要一个亚矮星氦星作为质量供体。深图像还提供了有力的证据,反驳了该暗淡超新星可能起源于大质量恒星的假设。我们的观测表明SN 2024vjm是WD爆炸,但我们发现异常暗淡的SNe Iax衰减更慢,即它们的演变方式与使常规SNe Ia成为宇宙烛光的著名的菲利普斯关系相反。
英文摘要:
Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are well known for their role as standardizable cosmological candles. Their uniformity is credited to their single origin as thermonuclear explosions of White dwarf (WD) stars. Nevertheless, some SNe Ia break this regularity. Prominently, the Iax subclass are less energetic and remarkably diverse, raising questions about their progenitor systems. While no progenitor system of a normal SN Ia has ever been detected, a luminous blue star was identified in pre-explosion images of the site of the bright SN Iax SN 2012Z, suggested to be a helium giant companion star acting as a mass donor to a WD SN progenitor. This is in line with models of weak mass accretion of a WD from a binary companion, producing an explosion that does not fully disrupt the star. However, these models fail to explain the properties of the faintest Type Iax explosions, suggesting either they originate from other WD binary systems, or even from massive progenitor stars. Here, we present the faint SN Iax SN 2024vjm - possibly the faintest supernova observed to date. Using a deep pre-explosion image taken by the recently launched Euclid space mission, we show that its progenitor system must be fainter than the helium giant SN Iax progenitor candidate of SN 2012Z, as well as that of the luminous red companion or remnant of the faint SN 2008ha, and may require a subdwarf helium star as a mass donor. The deep image also provides strong arguments against a massive star origin for this faint supernova. Our observations argue that SN 2024vjm is a WD explosion, but we find that remarkably faint SNe Iax fade more slowly than bright ones, i.e., they evolve in an opposite manner from the famous Phillips relation that makes regular SNe Ia cosmological candles.
Evidence for sub-Chandrasekhar-mass progenitors of Type Ia supernovae at the faint end of the width-luminosity relation
低光度Ia型超新星(SNe Ia)的光变曲线演化速度更快,这表明它们可能是由质量低于克拉塞卡质量($M_{\rm Ch}$)的白矮星(WD)的祖先爆炸造成的。在这里,我们提出了一维非LTE时间相关的辐射传输模拟的纯中心爆炸的碳氧WD与质量($M_\rm{tot}$)之间的0.88 M $_{\odot}$和1.15 M $_{\odot}$,和一个$^{56}\rm{Ni}$产率之间的0.08 M $_{\odot}$和0.84 M $_{\odot}$。与$M_{\rm Ch}$模型相比,它们较低的喷出物密度导致早期光度更快地增加,并增强了$γ$射线逃逸分数超过最大光。因此,它们的热光变曲线显示较短的上升时间和较大的最大后下降率。此外,在给定的$^{56}\rm{Ni}$质量下,较高的$M(^{56}\rm{Ni})/M_\rm{tot}$比率增强了发光度较低的模型的光谱形成区域中的温度和电离水平,从而在最大光下产生更蓝的颜色,并且$B-V$颜色的最大后演化更快。对于在峰值时比$M_B\approx -18.5$等暗的次$M_{\rm Ch}$模型,较大的热辐射衰减和较快的颜色演变导致较大的$B$带最大后衰减率$ΔM_{15}(B)$。特别是,我们以前发表的所有$M_{\rm Ch}$模型(标准和脉动延迟爆轰)都局限于$ΔM_{15}(B) < 1.4$等,而$M_\rm{tot…
Disappearance of the Progenitor of Supernova iPTF13bvn
NGC 5806中的超新星(SN)iPTF 13 bvn是第一个在爆炸前的图像中暂时与祖先候选者联系在一起的Ib型SN。我们进行了深紫外(UV)和光学哈勃太空望远镜(HST)的观测SN网站740天后爆炸。我们在光学波段探测到一个比爆炸前的物体更暗的物体。这种变暗可能不是由喷出物中的灰尘吸收产生的;因此,我们的发现证实了祖先候选者与SN的联系。在我们的数据中的对象很可能是由衰落的SN,这意味着前SN流量主要是由于祖占主导地位。我们比较我们的修订前SN测光与以前提出的祖模型。虽然二元祖细胞是有利的,模型需要完善。特别是,为了符合我们的深紫外探测极限,任何伴星都必须比晚O型星更亮,或者被新形成的尘埃所掩盖。确定的祖先特征将需要进一步的观察,以解开一个更微弱的SN及其环境的贡献。
Upper limits on bolometric luminosities of three type Ia supernova progenitors - New results in the ongoing Chandra archival search for type Ia supernova progenitors
Pre-Supernova Eruptions Triggered by Sudden Energy Deposition in Low-Mass Core-Collapse Supernova Progenitors
International Centre of Supernovae (ICESUN), Yunnan Key Laboratory of Supernova Research, Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)(中国科学院云南天文台超新星国际研究中心、超新星研究云南省重点实验室)
Revealing the diversity of Type IIn supernova progenitors through their environments
School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院);National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台);Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University(北京师范大学天文与空间前沿研究院);Institute of Astrophysics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas(希腊基础研究与技术基金会天体物理研究所);Physics Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens(雅典国立卡波蒂斯坦大学物理系);Steward Observatory, University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台);Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London(伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院物理系)
University of Hamburg(汉堡大学);Durham University(杜伦大学);University of Warwick(华威大学);ESO(欧洲南方天文台);University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学);INAF-OACNa(意大利国家天体物理研究所奥斯塔-那不勒斯天文台);University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学);KU Leuven(荷语鲁汶大学);University of Liège(列日大学);LAM(普罗旺斯宇宙学实验室);DESY(德国电子同步加速器);University of Potsdam(波茨坦大学)
SN 2022ngb: A faint, slowly evolving Type IIb supernova with a low-mass envelope
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Survey Science, Yunnan University(云南省测绘科学重点实验室,云南大学);INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova(意大利国家天体物理研究所帕多瓦天文台);Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)(中国科学院云南天文台);International Centre of Supernovae, Yunnan Key Laboratory(超新星国际研究中心,云南省重点实验室);Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC)(空间科学研究所(ICE,CSIC));INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera(意大利国家天体物理研究所布雷拉天文台);School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院);National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台)
SN 2022ngb是一颗低光度IIb型超新星,其前身星为中等质量、相对紧凑的剥离包层恒星,爆炸参数包括喷流质量、能量和放射性物质分布。
A hyper-runaway white dwarf in Gaia DR2 as a Type Iax supernova primary remnant candidate
观测与Ia型和Iax型超新星有关的恒星残骸对于充分了解它们的祖先是必要的。多个祖先的情况下预测人口踢供体残留物和部分燃烧的初级残留物,都以相对较高的速度移动。但只有少数的例子符合这两个预测的人口已被观察到。在这里,我们报告了可能是第一个已知的例子,一个未绑定的白矮星,这是一致的完全冷却的主要遗迹,以Iax型超新星。候选天体LP 93-21以银河系中心速度v $_{gal}$ $\simeq$ 605 km s $^{-1}$运行,并且引力与银河系无关。我们排除了银河系外的起源。Iax型超新星喷发的情况与其独特的未绑定轨迹是一致的,因为通过光谱跟踪在其光球层中检测到异常元素丰度。这一发现反映了最近的模型,该模型表明恒星喷射可能经常发生。不幸的是,由于白矮星本身的微弱性,以及与它们的直接祖先系统相关的不确定性,使得探测和确认这样的供体变得困难。
James Webb Space Telescope Observations of the Nearby and Precisely-Localized FRB 20250316A: A Potential Near-IR Counterpart and Implications for the Progenitors of Fast Radio Bursts
Radboud University(拉德堡德大学);University of Warwick(华威大学);University of Maryland(马里兰大学);Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University(利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学天体物理研究所);Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学尼尔斯玻尔研究所);Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)(宇宙黎明中心);University of Leicester(莱斯特大学);Louisiana State University(路易斯安那州立大学);University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学);Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy, University of Birmingham(伯明翰大学引力波天文研究所);European Space Agency (ESA)(欧洲空间局)