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arXiv 2602.07578quant-ph
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BiBiEQ:双变量自行车码在擦除量子比特上的应用

BiBiEQ: Bivariate Bicycle Codes on Erasure Qubits

The University of Texas at Dallas(德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校);Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute(伦斯勒理工学院)

Ameya S. Bhave, Navnil Choudhury, Andrew Nemec, Kanad Basu

AI总结:

BiBiEQ通过将双变量自行车码转换为擦除感知电路,提升量子纠错的效率与准确性,优化解码性能和吞吐量权衡。

摘要:

擦除量子比特通过将主导故障转换为可检测的错误,即擦除错误,从而在容错量子纠错(QEC)中减少开销。它们在表面码和福克特码内存中展示了显著的阈值提升和扩展改进。在本工作中,我们利用擦除量子比特在双变量自行车(BB)码中,该码属于量子低密度奇偶检查(QLDPC)领域。由于其稀疏结构和有利的速率-距离权衡,BB码是QEC的实用候选者。我们引入了BiBiEQ,一种新的框架,将给定的BB码编译为一个擦除感知的记忆电路C_E。该擦除电路C_E包括擦除检查(ECs)、重置和擦除,分布在用户指定的擦除检查计划(2EC,4EC)上。BiBiEQ将此擦除电路C_E转换为通用解码的稳定器电路C。BiBiEQ为此转换提供了两个引擎,BiBiEQ-Exact和BiBiEQ-Approx。BiBiEQ-Exact保留联合擦除相关性并作为我们的准确性基准,而BiBiEQ-Approx使用独立性近似来加速大规模扫描并暴露准确性-吞吐量权衡。使用BiBiEQ,我们解码稳定器电路以获得BB码的每轮逻辑错误率(LER)并量化EC计划对伪阈值以下可纠正操作区域的影响。4EC计划使两个引擎的准确性接近,使BiBiEQ-Approx成为BiBiEQ-Exact的可靠代理,用于更快的扫描。在伪阈值以下,从距离(d)6到10的距离(d)跃迁,导致LER下降幅度比从距离(d)10到12的距离(d)大10-17倍,表明大多数收益由d=10实现。

英文摘要:

Erasure qubits reduce overhead in fault-tolerant quantum error correction (QEC) by converting dominant faults into detectable errors known as erasures. They have demonstrated notable improvements in thresholds and scaling in surface and Floquet code memories. In this work, we use erasure qubits on Bivariate Bicycle (BB) codes from the quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) regime. Owing to their sparse structure and favorable rate-distance trade-offs, BB codes are practical candidates for QEC. We introduce BiBiEQ, a novel framework that compiles a given BB code into an erasure-aware memory circuit C_E. This erasure circuit C_E comprises erasure checks (ECs), resets, and erasures spread over a user-specified erasure check schedule (2EC, 4EC). BiBiEQ converts this erasure circuit C_E into the stabilizer circuit C for general-purpose decoding. BiBiEQ provides two engines for this conversion, BiBiEQ-Exact and BiBiEQ-Approx. BiBiEQ-Exact preserves the joint-erasure correlations and serves as our accuracy benchmark, while BiBiEQ-Approx uses an independence approximation to accelerate large sweeps and expose accuracy-throughput trade-offs. Using BiBiEQ, we decode the stabilizer circuits to get a per-round logical error rate (LER) for the BB codes and quantify the effect of the EC schedules on the correctable operating region below the pseudo-threshold. The 4EC schedule keeps the accuracy of both engines close to one another, making BiBiEQ-Approx a reliable proxy for BiBiEQ-Exact for faster sweeps. Below the pseudo-threshold, the code distance (d) hop from distance (d) 6 to 10 yields a drop in LER by 10-17x larger than distance (d) 10 to 12, showing that most gains are realized by d=10.

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