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arXiv 2602.07550cs.CVcs.AI
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通过无训练少样本分割揭示DINOv3中的语义选择差距

Revealing the Semantic Selection Gap in DINOv3 through Training-Free Few-Shot Segmentation

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering(电子与电气工程系);Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS(技术大学PETRONAS)

Hussni Mohd Zakir, Eric Tatt Wei Ho

AI总结:

本研究通过无训练方法揭示DINOv3中存在语义选择差距,指出最后一层特征虽表现优异,但无法可靠识别高保真语义特征。

摘要:

最近的自监督视觉Transformer(ViT)如DINOv3为密集视觉任务提供了丰富的特征表示。本研究通过无训练基线FSSDINO,利用类特定原型和Gram矩阵细化,探讨冻结DINOv3特征的内在少样本语义分割(FSS)能力。我们的结果在二分类、多类和跨领域(CDFSS)基准上表明,这种最小化方法应用于最终主干层,与涉及复杂解码器或测试时适应的专门方法具有高度竞争力。关键的是,我们进行了Oracle引导的层分析,发现标准最后一层特征与全局最优中间表示之间存在显著性能差距。我们揭示了一个

英文摘要:

Recent self-supervised Vision Transformers (ViTs), such as DINOv3, provide rich feature representations for dense vision tasks. This study investigates the intrinsic few-shot semantic segmentation (FSS) capabilities of frozen DINOv3 features through a training-free baseline, FSSDINO, utilizing class-specific prototypes and Gram-matrix refinement. Our results across binary, multi-class, and cross-domain (CDFSS) benchmarks demonstrate that this minimal approach, applied to the final backbone layer, is highly competitive with specialized methods involving complex decoders or test-time adaptation. Crucially, we conduct an Oracle-guided layer analysis, identifying a significant performance gap between the standard last-layer features and globally optimal intermediate representations. We reveal a "Safest vs. Optimal" dilemma: while the Oracle proves higher performance is attainable, matching the results of compute-intensive adaptation methods, current unsupervised and support-guided selection metrics consistently yield lower performance than the last-layer baseline. This characterizes a "Semantic Selection Gap" in Foundation Models, a disconnect where traditional heuristics fail to reliably identify high-fidelity features. Our work establishes the "Last-Layer" as a deceptively strong baseline and provides a rigorous diagnostic of the latent semantic potentials in DINOv3.The code is publicly available at https://github.com/hussni0997/fssdino.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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