Characterizing $(d,h)$-elliptic stable irreducible curves
Juliana Coelho, Renata Costa
本文通过允许覆盖方法，研究并刻画了$(d,h)$-椭圆的稳定不可约曲线的性质与特征。
我们利用允许覆盖来刻画$(d,h)$-椭圆的稳定不可约曲线，即那些是光滑曲线极限的曲线，这些曲线允许有限映射到亏格$h\geq 1$的光滑曲线的度数为$d$。
We use admissible covers to characterize irreducible stable curves that are $(d,h)$-elliptic, that is, that are limits of smooth curves admiting finite maps of degree-$d$ to smooth curves of genus $h\geq 1$.
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We classify complex K3 surfaces of zero entropy admitting an elliptic fibration with only irreducible fibers. These surfaces are characterized by the fact that they admit a unique elliptic fibration with infinite automorphism group. We furnish an explicit list of 32 Néron-Severi lattices corresponding to such surfaces. Incidentally, we are able to decide which of these 32 classes of surfaces admit a unique genus 1 fibration. Finally, we prove that all K3 surfaces with Picard rank >=19 and infinite automorphism group have positive entropy.
Geometry of weak contact conics to irreducible quartics with 2 nodes and 1 cusp via rational elliptic surfaces and Zariski pairs
研究弱接触圆锥与具有2个节点和1个尖点的不可约四次曲线的几何结构，通过理性椭圆面和扎里斯基对构造度数为7和8的扎里斯基对。
In this article, we continue to study the geometry of bisections of certain rational elliptic surfaces. As an application, we give examples of Zariski N + 1-plets of degree 2N + 4 whose irreducible components are an irreducible quartic curve with 2 nodes and N smooth conics. Furthermore, by considering the case of N = 2 and combining with known results, a new Zariski 5-plet for reduced plane curves of degree 8 is given.
Perverse sheaves with nilpotent singular support on the stack of coherent sheaves on an elliptic curve
本文通过定义椭圆曲线上凝聚层模栈的分层，显式描述了全局幂零锥的不可约分支，建立了球面 Eisenstein 层与这些分支之间的双射，并参数化了具有幂零奇异支集的反常层。
Severi varieties on Enriques surfaces of base change type and on rational elliptic surfaces
本文证明了基变换型Enriques曲面上任意亏格曲线的Severi簇可数族非空，并构造了有理椭圆曲面上特殊超丰对数Severi簇的例子。
Characterizing Varieties Using Birational Transformations
该研究通过birational变换和基域自同构来特征化变种，揭示了被规则变种与非被规则变种在birational变换群性质上的差异。
A note on elliptic curves on toric surfaces
本文研究特征零下极化环曲面上几何亏格一的整曲线的Severi簇，并描述其不可约分支，证明不可约分支与环曲面字符格中的特定仿射子格自然双射，且子格由定义极化的多边形显式描述。
A geometry of the moduli space of Higgs pairs on an irreducible nodal curve of arithmetic genus one
本文利用希钦映射和椭圆曲线希格斯丛模空间的平坦退化，刻画了算术亏格为一的不可约节点曲线上希格斯对模空间的几何结构。
Let $G$ be a connected reductive algebraic group. In this note we prove that for a quasi-affine $G$-spherical variety the weight monoid is determined by the weights of its non-trivial $\mathbb{G}_a$-actions that are homogeneous with respect to a Borel subgroup of $G$. As an application we get that a smooth affine $G$-spherical variety that is non-isomorphic to a torus is determined by its automorphism group inside the category of smooth affine irreducible varieties.
We seek to characterize homology classes of Lagrangian projective spaces embedded in irreducible holomorphic-symplectic manifolds, up to the action of the monodromy group. This paper addresses the case of manifolds deformation-equivalent to the Hilbert scheme of length-three subschemes of a K3 surface. The class of the projective space in the cohomology ring has prescribed intersection properties, which translate into Diophantine equations. Possible homology classes correspond to integral points on an explicit elliptic curve; our proof entails showing that the only such point is two-torsion.
Some reducible and irreducible Brill-Noether loci
本文基于链上椭圆曲线极限线束，证明Farkas猜想，发现可约Brill-Noether定位集的实例，并展示当r≥3时的可约Hilbert方案，同时给出r=2时Brill-Noether定位集不可约的最优界。
Ramified and Split models of elliptic surfaces and bitangent lines of quartic curves
本文定义并研究了椭圆曲面的分歧模型与分裂模型，重点关注某些有理椭圆曲面，并借此对至多只有节点的不可约四次曲线的双切线给出新的观察。
Our aim in this work is to study exact Osserman limit linear series on curves of compact type $X$ with three irreducible components. This case is quite different from the case of two irreducible components studied by Osserman. For instance, for curves of compact type with two irreducible components, every refined Eisenbud-Harris limit linear series has a unique exact extension. But, for the case of three irreducible components, this property is no longer true. We find a condition characterizing when a given refined Eisenbud-Harris limit linear series has a unique exact extension. To do this, i…
Let $X$ be a minuscule homogeneous space, an odd quadric, or an adjoint homogenous space of type different from $A$ and $G_2$. Le $C$ be an elliptic curve. In this paper, we prove that for $d$ large enough, the scheme of degree $d$ morphisms from $C$ to $X$ is irreducible, giving an explicit lower bound for $d$ which is optimal in many cases.
In this paper we compute the Hilbert functions of irreducible (or smooth) and reduced arithmetically Gorenstein schemes that are twisted anti-canonical divisors on arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay schemes. We also prove some folklore results characterizing the Hilbert functions of irreducible standard determinantal schemes, and we use them to produce a new class of functions that occur as Hilbert functions of irreducible (or smooth) and reduced arithmetically Gorenstein schemes in any codimension.
Characterizing rational homogeneous spaces via $\mathbb{C}^*$-actions
本文利用均衡化 $\mathbb{C}^*$-作用及孤立极值不动点条件，证明了皮卡数为一且切丛 nef 的光滑簇恰为不可约埃尔米特对称空间，从而给出有理齐性空间的一个新刻画。
In this paper we consider coherent systems $(E,V)$ on an elliptic curve which are stable with respect to some value of a parameter $α$. We show that the corresponding moduli spaces, if non-empty, are smooth and irreducible of the expected dimenson. Moreover we give precise conditions for non-emptiness of the moduli spaces. Finally we study the variation of the moduli spaces with $α$.
In this article, examples of Zariski pairs $(B_1, B_2)$ satisfying the following condition are given: (i) $°B_1 = °B_2 = 7$. (ii) Irreducible components of $B_i$ $(i = 1, 2)$ are lines and conics. (iii) Singularities of $B_i$ $(i = 1, 2)$ are nodes, tacnodes and ordinary triple points. In order to construct $B_i$ ($i = 1, 2$), we make use of geometry of sections of rational elliptic surfaces and their group structure. Dihedral covers play important roles to distinguish the topology of $({\mathbb P}^2, B_i)$ $(i = 1, 2)$.
Riemann-Roch Polynomials, MBM Classes and Poor IHS Manifolds
本文研究贫乏不可约全纯辛流形，证明其自然锥重合且无全纯叶理，并利用Riemann-Roch多项式根给出检测MBM类及有理曲线存在的统一准则，同时刻画了此类流形的形变空间。
We determine all genus 2 curves, defined over $\mathbb C$, which have simultaneously degree 2 and 3 elliptic subcovers. The locus of such curves has three irreducible 1-dimensional genus zero components in $\mathcal M_2$. For each component we find a rational parametrization and construct the equation of the corresponding genus 2 curve and its elliptic subcovers in terms of the parameterization. Such families of genus 2 curves are determined for the first time. Furthermore, we prove that there are only finitely many genus 2 curves (up to $\mathbb C$-isomorphism) defined over $\mathbb Q$, which…
We prove that if $X$ and $S$ are smooth varieties and $f\colon X\to S$ is an elliptic fibration with singular fibers curves of types I$_N$ with $N\geq 1$, II, III and IV, then the relative Jacobian $\hat{f}\colon \bar{M}_{X/S}\to S$ of $f$, defined as the relative moduli space of semistable pure dimension one sheaves of rank 1 and degree 0 on the fibers of $f$, is an elliptic fibration such that all its fibers are irreducible. This extends known results when fibers are integral or of type I$_2$.
In this paper we study varieties covered by rational or elliptic curves. First, we show that images of Calabi-Yau or irreducible symplectic varieties under rational maps are almost always rationally connected. Second, we investigate elliptically connected and elliptically chain connected varieties, and varieties swept out by a family of elliptic curves. Among other things, we show that Calabi-Yau or hyperkähler manifolds which are covered by a family of elliptic curves contain uniruled divisors and that elliptically chain connected varieties of dimension at least two contain a rational curve, …
In this paper we consider the question of when all Seshadri constants on a product of two isogenous elliptic curves $E_1\times E_2$ without complex multiplication are integers. By studying elliptic curves on $E_1\times E_2$ we translate this question into a purely numerical problem expressed by quadratic forms. By solving that problem, we show that all Seshadri constants on $E_1\times E_2$ are integers if and only if the minimal degree of an isogeny $E_1\to E_2$ equals 1 or 2. Furthermore, this method enables a characterization of irreducible principal polarizations on $E_1\times E_2$.
Let $(X,L)$ be a general primitively polarized K3 surface with $c_1(L)^2 = 2g-2$ for some integer $g \geq 2$. The Severi variety $V^{L,δ} \subset |L|$ is defined to be the locus of reduced and irreducible curves in $|L|$ with exactly $δ$ nodes and no other singularities. When $δ=g$, any curve $C \in V^{L,g}$ is a rational curve; in fact, Chen \cite{Chen02} has shown that all rational curves in $|L|$ are nodal, and the number of such rational curves is given by the Yau-Zaslow formula \cite{YZ96}. In this paper, we consider the next case where $δ= g-1$ and the Severi variety $V^{L,g-1}$ parametr…
We show that the degree of the Alexander polynomial of an irreducible plane algebraic curve with nodes and cusps as the only singularities does not exceed ${5 \over 3}d-2$ where $d$ is the degree of the curve. We also show that the Alexander polynomial $Δ_C(t)$ of an irreducible curve $C=\{F=0\}\subset \mathbb P^2$ whose singularities are nodes and cusps is non-trivial if and only if there exist homogeneous polynomials $f$, $g$, and $h$ such that $f^3+g^2+Fh^6=0$. This is obtained as a consequence of the correspondence, described here, between Alexander polynomials and ranks of Mordell-Weil gr…
The V_4-lines for each linearly normal space elliptic curve form the edges of a tetrahedron, however in case the elliptic curve has j=12^3, there exist Z_4-lines in addition. We show the arrangement of V_4 and Z_4-lines explicitly for the curve. As a corollary we obtain that each irreducible quartic curve with genus one has at most two Galois points.
Given a geometrically irreducible smooth projective curve of genus 1 defined over the field of real numbers, and a pair of integers r and d, we determine the isomorphism class of the moduli space of semi-stable vector bundles of rank r and degree d on the curve. When r and d are coprime, we describe the topology of the real locus and give a modular interpretation of its points. We also study, for arbitrary rank and degree, the moduli space of indecomposable vector bundles of rank r and degree d, and determine its isomorphism class as a real algebraic variety.
We classify the log del Pezzo surface (S,B) of rank 1 with no 1-,2-,3-,4-, or 6-complements with the additional condition that B has one irreducible component C which is an elliptic curve, and that C has the coefficient b in B with (1/n)floor((n+1)b)=1 for n=1,2,3,4, and 6.
Let M(2;0,3) be the moduli space of rank-2 stable vector bundles with Chern classes c_1=0, c_2=3 on the Fano threefold X, the double solid of index two. We prove that the vector bundles obtained by Serre's construction from smooth elliptic quintic curves on X form an open part of an irreducible component M' of M(2;0,3) and that the Abel-Jacobi map F:M'-->J(X) into the intermediate Jacobian J(X) defined by the second Chern class is generically finite of degree 84 onto a translate of the theta divisor. We also prove that the family of elliptic quintics on a general X is irreducible and of dimens…
We show the density of rational points on non-isotrivial elliptic surfaces by studying the variation of the root numbers among the fibers of these surfaces, conditionally to two analytic number theory conjectures (the squarefree conjecture and Chowla's conjecture). This is a weaker statement than the one found in a preprint of Helfgott which proves (under the same assumptions) that the average root number is $0$ when the surface admits a place of multiplicative reduction. However, we use a different technique. The conjectures involved impose a restriction on the degree of the irreducible facto…
We show that one can define a spectral curve for the Cauchy-Riemann operator on a punctured elliptic curve if one imposes appropriate boundary conditions. Algebraic curves of the type thus obtained appear as irreducible components of spectral curves of minimal tori with planar ends in R^3. It appears that these curves coincide with the spectral curves of certain elliptic KP solitons as studied by Krichever.
Five-dimensional compatible systems and the Tate conjecture for elliptic surfaces
本文研究五维兼容系统与椭圆面的塔特猜想，证明了在特定条件下兼容系统的不可约性，并应用这些结果验证了塔特猜想对有限多个素数。
We establish a relation between the generating functions appearing in the S-duality conjecture of Vafa and Witten and geometric Eisenstein series for Kac-Moody groups. For a pair consisting of a surface and a curve on it, we consider a refined geometric function E (involving G-bundles with parabolic structures along the curve) which depends both on elliptic and modular variables. We prove a functional equation for E with respect to the affine Weyl group, thus establishing the elliptic behavior. When the curve is P^1, we calculate the Eisenstein-Kac-Moody series explicitly and it turns out to b…
We continue our study of genus 2 curves $C$ that admit a cover $ C \to E$ to a genus 1 curve $E$ of prime degree $n$. These curves $C$ form an irreducible 2-dimensional subvariety $Ł_n$ of the moduli space $\M_2$ of genus 2 curves. Here we study the case $n=5$. This extends earlier work for degree 2 and 3, aimed at illuminating the theory for general $n$. We compute a normal form for the curves in the locus $Ł_5$ and its three distinguished subloci. Further, we compute the equation of the elliptic subcover in all cases, give a birational parametrization of the subloci of $Ł_5$ as subvarieties …
Moduli space of genus one curves on quartic and quintic del Pezzo threefolds
本文研究四次和五次 del Pezzo 三维簇上光滑亏格一曲线的空间，描述了 Kontsevich 模空间的不可约分支并分类了从一般椭圆曲线出发的态射空间，验证了复数域上所有四次和五次 del Pezzo 三维簇的几何 Manin 猜想。
In this paper we introduce the notion of a geometric associative r-matrix attached to a genus one fibration with a section and irreducible fibres. It allows us to study degenerations of solutions of the classical Yang-Baxter equation using the approach of Polishchuk. We also calculate certain solutions of the classical, quantum and associative Yang-Baxter equations obtained from moduli spaces of (semi-)stable vector bundles on Weierstrass cubic curves.
We provide a theoretical study of Algebraic Geometry codes constructed from abelian surfaces defined over finite fields. We give a general bound on their minimum distance and we investigate how this estimation can be sharpened under the assumption that the abelian surface does not contain low genus curves. This approach naturally leads us to consider Weil restrictions of elliptic curves and abelian surfaces which do not admit a principal polarization.
Moduli of elliptic surfaces of Kodaira dimension one fibered over rational curves
本文通过墙交叉技术和扭曲稳定映射技术，研究Kodaira 维数为一的椭圆面模空间，构造无限序列的不可约分量并描述其边界及稳定约简步骤。
For an (irreducible) recurrence equation with coefficients from $\mathbb Z[n]$ and its two linearly independent rational solutions $u_n,v_n$, the limit of $u_n/v_n$ as $n\to\infty$, when exists, is called the Apéry limit. We give a construction that realises certain quotients of $L$-values of elliptic curves as Apéry limits.
As a continuation of the work of Freiermuth and Trautmann, we study the geometry of the moduli space of stable sheaves on $\mathbb{P}^3$ with Hilbert polynomial $4m+1$. The moduli space has three irreducible components whose generic elements are, respectively, sheaves supported on rational quartic curves, on elliptic quartic curves, or on planar quartic curves. The main idea of the proof is to relate the moduli space with the Hilbert scheme of curves by wall crossing. We present all stable sheaves contained in the intersections of the three irreducible components. We also classify stable sheav…
Rational elliptic surfaces with six singular double fibres
本文研究具有六个奇异双纤维的有理椭圆面，通过多种视角进行分类并给出构造方法。
We consider the motivic Hall algebra of coherent sheaves over an irreducible reduced projective curve of arithmetic genus $1$. We introduce the composition subalgebra in the singular curve case, and show that it is isomorphic to the composition subalgebra for a smooth elliptic curve. As in the case of smooth elliptic case studied by Burban and Schiffmann, the reduced Drinfeld double of the composition subalgebra is isomorphic to the quantum toroidal algebra for $\mathfrak{gl}_1$ (also called Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra), and it inherits automorphisms induced from equivalences of the associated de…
Fix an elliptic curve $E_0$ without CM and a non-isotrivial elliptic scheme over a smooth irreducible curve, both defined over the algebraic numbers. Consider the union of all images of a fixed finite-rank subgroup (of arbitrary rank) of $E_0^g$, also defined over the algebraic numbers, under all isogenies between $E_0^g$ and some fiber of the $g$-th fibered power $\mathcal{A}$ of the elliptic scheme, where $g$ is a fixed natural number. As a special case of a slightly more general result, we characterize the subvarieties (of arbitrary dimension) inside $\mathcal{A}$ that have potentially Zari…
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field and ${\sf G}(2,k^4)$ the Grassmannian of 2-planes in $k^4$. We associate to each 6-dimensional subspace $R$ of the space of 4x4 matrices over $k$ a closed subscheme ${\bf X}_R \subseteq {\sf G}(2,k^4)$. We show that each irreducible component of ${\bf X}_R$ has dimension at least one and when ${\rm dim}({\bf X}_R)=1$, then ${\rm deg}({\bf X}_R)=20$ where degree is computed with respect to the ambient ${\mathbb P}^5$ under the Plücker embedding ${\sf G}(2,k^4) \to {\mathbb P}^5$. We give two examples involving elliptic curves: in one case ${\bf X}_R$ is …
Massey products and elliptic curves
本文研究完美域上绝对不可约光滑射影曲线中系数为 $\mathbb{Z}/\ell$ 的高阶 Massey 积消失问题，并完整刻画椭圆曲线上三重 Massey 积非消失的条件。
For any finite abelian group G, we study the moduli space of abelian $G$-covers of elliptic curves, in particular identifying the irreducible components of the moduli space. We prove that, in the totally ramified case, the moduli space has trivial rational Picard group, and it is birational to the moduli space M_{1,n}, where n is the number of branch points. In the particular case of moduli of bielliptic curves, we also prove that the boundary divisors are a basis of the rational Picard group of the admissible covers compactification of the moduli space. Our methods are entirely algebro-geomet…
Stability of Elliptic Fargues-Scholze $L$-packets
本文证明对具有椭圆 Fargues-Scholze L-参数的不可约表示，可构造包含该表示的有限表示集，使其 Harish-Chandra 特征的非零整系数线性组合在共轭下稳定，特征零时给出非零稳定分布。
We present an effective criterion to determine if a normal analytic compactification of C^2 with one irreducible curve at infinity is algebraic or not. As a by product we establish a correspondence between normal algebraic compactifications of C^2 with one irreducible curve at infinity and algebraic curves contained in C^2 with one place at infinity. Using our criterion we construct pairs of homeomorphic normal analytic surfaces with minimally elliptic singularities such that one of the surfaces is algebraic and the other is not. Our main technical tool is the sequence of "key forms" - a 'glob…
We give a direct proof that the Mazur-Tate and Coleman-Gross heights on elliptic curves coincide. The main ingredient is to extend the Coleman-Gross height to the case of divisors with non-disjoint support and, doing some $p$-adic analysis, show that, in particular, its component above $p$ gives, in the special case of an ordinary elliptic curve, the $p$-adic sigma function. We use this result to give a short proof of a theorem of Kim characterizing integral points on elliptic curves in some cases under weaker assumptions. As a further application, we give new formulas to compute double Colema…
Let $V$ be a finite dimensional complex linear space and let $G$ be an irreducible finite subgroup of $\GL(V)$. For a $G$-invariant lattice $Λ$ in $V$ of maximal rank, we give a description of structure of the complex torus $V/Λ$. In particular, we prove that for a wide class of groups, $V/Λ$ is isogenous to a self-product of an elliptic curve, and that in many cases $V/Λ$ is isomorphic to a product of mutually isogenous elliptic curves with complex multiplication. We show that there are $G$ and $Λ$ such that the complex torus $V/Λ$ is not an abelian variety but one can always replace $Λ$ by a…
Consider genus $g$ curves that admit degree $d$ covers to elliptic curves only branched at one point with a fixed ramification type. The locus of such covers forms a one parameter family $Y$ that naturally maps into the moduli space of stable genus $g$ curves $\bar{\mathcal M}_{g}$. We study the geometry of $Y$, and produce a combinatorial method by which to investigate its slope, irreducible components, genus and orbifold points. As a by-product of our approach, we find some equalities from classical number theory. Moreover, a correspondence between our method and the viewpoint of square-tile…
We classify 'primitive normal compactifications' of C^2 (i.e. normal analytic surfaces containing C^2 for which the curve at infinity is irreducible), compute the moduli space of these surfaces and their groups of auomorphisms. In particular we show that in 'most' of these surfaces C^2 is 'rigidly embedded'. As an application we give a description of 'embedded isomorphism classes' of planar curves with one place at infinity. We also compute the canonical divisor of these surfaces; it turns out that their log discrepancy is related to the Frobenius number of the semigroup of poles along the cur…
Let $K$ be a field of characteristic different from $2$, $\bar{K}$ its algebraic closure. Let $n \ge 3$ be an odd prime such that $2$ is a primitive root modulo $n$. Let $f(x)$ and $h(x)$ be degree $n$ polynomials with coefficients in $K$ and without repeated roots. Let us consider genus $(n-1)/2$ hyperelliptic curves $C_f: y^2=f(x)$ and $C_h: y^2=h(x)$, and their jacobians $J(C_f)$ and $J(C_h)$, which are $(n-1)/2$-dimensional abelian varieties defined over $K$. Suppose that one of the polynomials is irreducible and the other reducible. We prove that if $J(C_f)$ and $J(C_h)$ are isogenous ove…
Let $K$ be a field of characteristic different from $2$, $\bar{K}$ its algebraic closure. Let $n \ge 3$ be an odd integer. Let $f(x)$ and $h(x)$ be degree $n$ polynomials with coefficients in $K$ and without repeated roots. Let us consider genus $(n-1)/2$ hyperelliptic curves $C_f: y^2=f(x)$ and $C_h: y^2=h(x)$, and their jacobians $J(C_f)$ and $J(C_h)$, which are $(n-1)/2$-dimensional abelian varieties defined over $K$. Suppose that one of the polynomials is irreducible and the other splits completely over $K$. We prove that if $J(C_f)$ and $J(C_h)$ are isogenous over $\bar{K}$ then there is …
We study the moduli stack of degree $0$ semistable $G$-bundles on an irreducible curve $E$ of arithmetic genus $1$, where $G$ is a connected reductive group. Our main result describes a partition of this stack indexed by a certain family of connected reductive subgroups $H$ of $G$ (the $E$-pseudo-Levi subgroups), where each stratum is computed in terms of $H$-bundles together with the action of the relative Weyl group. We show that this result is equivalent to a Jordan--Chevalley theorem for such bundles equipped with a framing at a fixed basepoint. In the case where $E$ has a single cusp (res…
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