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Reissner Nordstrom 黑洞：由弦分布支撑的可积奇点内部

Reissner Nordstrom black holes with integrable singularity interiors supported by string distributions

Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá（塔拉帕卡大学理学院物理系）

Milko Estrada

备注：
Accepted for publication in EPJC
发表信息：
Eur.Phys.J.C 86 (2026), 774
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AI总结：

本文通过弦分布（弦云和流体弦）构造了 Reissner-Nordstrom 黑洞的内部解，消除了内视界，并实现了可积奇点，使得径向自由落体过程中潮汐力有限，同时保证了内外时空的物理一致性。

摘要：

Reissner Nordstrom (RN) 黑洞具有两个众所周知的病理特征：中心奇点和与不稳定性及潜在可预测性丧失相关的内视界。在这项工作中，我们证明 RN 外部几何可以从包含可积奇点但没有内视界的内部时空产生。在这种情况下，潮汐力在原点附近保持有限，允许非破坏性的径向自由落体，而传统的点状质量描述被扩展的物质分布所取代。为了说明这种可能性，我们基于弦分布提供了这种内部区域的具体实现，即弦云 (CS) 和新定义的弦流体 (FS)。虽然标准的弦云模型导致与类时 Killing 矢量相关的守恒能量发散，但所提出的 FS 模型可以解释为弦云分布的几何屏蔽版本，并允许在延伸到无穷远时描述具有有限守恒能量的黑洞。内部区域与 RN 外部几何之间的物理一致性要求界面处温度连续，这意味着两个区域之间的热平衡，而切向压力的不连续性可能标志着引力相变。这些结果确定了弦基内部分布能够一致地生成 RN 外部几何的物理条件，并阐明了事件视界处可能发生相变的情况。

英文摘要：

The Reissner Nordstrom (RN) black hole is characterized by two well known pathologies: a central singularity and an inner horizon associated with instabilities and a potential loss of predictability. In this work, we show that the RN exterior geometry can arise from an interior spacetime containing an integrable singularity but no inner horizon. In this scenario, tidal forces remain finite near the origin, allowing nondestructive radial infall, while the conventional description in terms of a pointlike mass is replaced by an extended matter distribution. To illustrate this possibility, we provide explicit realizations of such an interior region based on string distributions, namely a cloud of strings (CS) and a newly defined fluid of strings (FS). While the standard cloud of strings model leads to a divergence in the conserved energy associated with timelike Killing vectors, the proposed FS model can be interpreted as a geometrically screened version of the string cloud distribution and admits configurations that, when extended to infinity, describe black holes with finite conserved energy. Physical consistency between the interior region and the RN exterior geometry requires the continuity of temperature across the interface, implying thermal equilibrium between the two regions, while discontinuities in the tangential pressure can signal gravitational phase transitions. These results determine the physical conditions under which string based interior distributions can consistently generate the RN exterior geometry and clarify the circumstances under which phase transitions at the event horizon may arise.

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