We show that the cold horizon of the extremal Reissner-Nordström can be considered as the throat of a thin-shell wormhole with zero total exotic matter and positive angular pressure. Such a wormhole is physical and stable against radial perturbations provided an appropriate perfect fluid exists at the throat.
The superradiant stability is investigated for non-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. We use an algebraic method to demonstrate that all non-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes are superradiantly stable against a charged massive scalar perturbation. This improves the results obtained before for non-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes.
We analyze in detail the highly damped quasinormal modes of $D$-dimensional extremal Reissner-Nordstr$\ddot{\rm{o}}$m and Reissner-Nordstr$\ddot{\rm{o}}$m-de Sitter black holes. We only consider the extremal case where the event horizon and the Cauchy inner horizon coincide. We show that, even though the topology of the Stokes/anti-Stokes lines in the extremal case is different than the non-extremal case, the highly damped quasinormal mode frequencies of extremal black holes match exactly with the extremal limit of the non-extremal black hole quasinormal mode frequencies.
The superradiant stability of higher dimensional non-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes under charged massive scalar perturbation is analytically studied. We extend an analytical method developed by one of the authors in the extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole cases to non-extremal cases. Using the new analytical method, we revisit four-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom black hole case and obtain that four-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom black hole is superradiantly stable, which is consistent with results in previous works. We then analytically prove that the five-dimensional Reissner-Nor…
This master thesis discusses the Reissner-Nordström metric and the dirac equation in curved spaces in the pseudo-complex General Relativity (pc-GR) and reviews the original ansatz of pc-GR. It is written in German.
The Reissner-Nordström black hole - moving mirror correspondence is solved. The beta coefficients reveal that charge makes a black hole radiate fewer particles (neutral massless scalars) per frequency. An old Reissner-Nordström black hole emits particles in an explicit Planck distribution with temperature corresponding to the surface gravity of its outer horizon.
In this paper, we solve the massive scalar field in the Reissner-Nordström spacetime. The scalar field in the Reissner-Nordström spacetime has both bound states and scattering states. For bound states, we solve the bound-state wave function and the eigenvalue spectrum. For scattering states, we solve the scattering wave function and give an explicit expression for scattering phase shift by the integral equation method. Especially, we introduce the tortoise coordinate for the Reissner-Nordström spacetime.
We show that the tetrad field whose metric gives the Reissner-Nordström anti-de Sitter black holes gives the correct value of energy in Møller tetrad theory of gravitation.
The superradiant stability of asymptotically flat D-dimensional extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes under charged massive scalar perturbation is analytically studied. Recently, an analytical method has been proposed by the author and used to prove that five and six-dimensional extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes are superradiantly stable under charged massive scalar perturbation. We apply this analytical method in the D-dimensional extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole cases and prove that the D-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom black holes are all superradiantly stable under charged mas…
We consider embedding diagrams for the Reissner-Nordström spacetime. We embed the $(r-t)$ and $(r-ϕ)$ planes into 3-Minkowski/Euclidean space and discuss the relation between the diagrams and the corresponding curvature scalar of the 2-metrics
We investigate retrolensing of sunlights reflected by a photon sphere and by a potential barrier near an antiphoton sphere around a Reissner-Nordström naked singularity. We apply the deflection angles of light rays in strong deflection limits to the retrolensing. We show that the retrolensing by the photon sphere around the Reissner-Nordström naked singularity can be brighter than the one around a Reissner-Nordström black hole because of the existence of the rays which reflected by the potential barrier.
The scattering problems arising when considering the contribution of the topologically inequivalent configurations of the spinors on Reissner-Nordström black holes to the Hawking radiation are correctly stated. The corresponding $S$-matrices are described and presented in the form convenient to numerical computations.
In this paper we consider some applications of the extended Dray-t'Hooft-Redmount relation. In particular, using this relation, we study geometries of interacting thin shells near the future Cauchy horizon of a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole.
It is known that the extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole possesses a discrete conformal isometry that exchanges the black hole horizon with infinity. It is also known that the Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter spacetime posseses a similar discrete conformal isometry which exchanges the event horizon of the black hole with the cosmological horizon. In this short paper we will continue this line of thought and extend the conformal isometry of the latter spacetime and give an unphysical interpretation of the negative root.
A concentric charged thin-shell encircling a Reissner-Nordström black hole screens the clectric / magnetic charge completely to match with an external Schwarzschild black hole. The negative mass thin-shell is shown to be stable against radial perturbations. It is shown further that by reversing the roles of inside Reissner-Nordström and outside Schwarzschild geometries the mass of the appropriate shell becomes positive.
It is shown that if two Reissner-Nordström space-times, both with the same mass m and charge e, glued together in the singularities, then the light ray in black hole of the first space-time can go continuously through the singularity into black hole of the second. The behavior of tidal forces near the Reissner-Nordström space-time singularity is examined by considering what happens between two particles falling freely towards the singularity.
Different geometrical and topological properties have been shown for two kinds of extreme Reissner-Nordstr$\ddot{o}$m-anti-de Sitter black holes. The relationship between the geometrical properties and the intrinsic thermodynamical properties has been made explicit.
The Reissner--Nordström family of solutions can be understood to arise from the spherically symmetric sector of a nonlinear SO(2,1)/SO(1,1) sigma model coupled to three dimensional Euclidean gravity. In this context a group theoretical quantization is performed. We identify the observables of the theory and calculate their spectra.
We present the analytical post-Newtonian solutions for the test particle's motion in the Reissner-Nordström spacetime. The solutions are formulated in the Wagoner-Will representation, the Epstein-Haugan representation, the Brumberg representation, and the Damour-Deruelle representation, respectively. The relations between the (post-)Keplerian parameters in different representations, as well as their relations to the orbital energy and angular momentum are also provided.
The superradiant stability of five and six-dimensional extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes under charged massive scalar perturbation is studied. In each case, it is analytically proved that the effective potential experienced by the scalar perturbation has only one maximum outside the black hole horizon and no potential well exists for the superradiance modes. So the five and six-dimensional extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes are superradiantly stable. In the proof, we develop a new method which is based on the Descartes' rule of signs for the polynomial equations. Our results general…
By using the gedanken experiments suggested by Bekenstein and Rosenzweig, we have shown that nonextremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole cannot turn into extremal one by assimilating infalling charged particle and charged spherical shell.
Based on semiclassical tunneling method, we focus on charged fermions tunneling from higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole. We first simplify the Dirac equation by semiclassical approximation, and then a semiclassical Hamilton-Jacobi equation is obtained. Using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we study the Hawking temperature and fermions tunneling rate at the event horizon of the higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordström black hole spacetime. Finally, the correct entropy is calculation by the method beyond semiclassical approximation.
The paper presents the analysis of effective potentials of Dirac equations in Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstroem fields. It is shown that in the majority of the explored cases the condition of a particle "fall" to appropriate event horizons is fulfilled. The exception is one of the solutions with normalizable wave functions for the Reissner-Nordstroem extreme field, for which the existence of the stationary bound state of half-spin particles is possible inside the event horizon.
We present the full set of analytical solutions of the geodesic equations of charged test particles in the Reissner-Nordström space-time in terms of the Weierstraß $\wp$, $σ$ and $ζ$ elliptic functions. Based on the study of the polynomials in the $\vartheta$ and $r$ equations we characterize the motion of test particles and discuss their properties. The motion of charged test particles in the Reissner-Nordström space-time is compared with the motion of neutral test particles in the field of a gravitomagnetic monopole. Electrically or magnetically charged particles in the Reissner-Nordström sp…
The superradiant stability of higher dimensional non-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole under charged massive scalar perturbation is analytically studied. We extend our previous studies of four- and five-dimensional non-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole cases to six-dimensional case. By analyzing the derivative of the effective potential with an analytical method, we find that no potential well exists outside the outer horizon of the black hole for the superradiant scalar modes. This means that there is no black hole bomb for the system consisting of six-dimensional Reissner-Nordstrom…
A class of curves with special conformal properties (conformal curves) is studied on the Reissner-Nordström spacetime. It is shown that initial data for the conformal curves can be prescribed so that the resulting congruence of curves extends smoothly to future and past null infinity. The formation of conjugate points on these congruences is examined. The results of this analysis are expected to be of relevance for the discussion of the Reissner-Nordström spacetime as a solution to the conformal field equations and for the global numerical evaluation of static black hole spacetimes.
We find a new exact vacuum solution in the framework of the Poincaré Gauge field theory with massive torsion. In this model, torsion operates as an independent field and introduces corrections to the vacuum structure present in General Relativity. The new static and spherically symmetric configuration shows a Reissner-Nordström-like geometry characterized by a spin charge. It extends the known massless torsion solution to the massive case. The corresponding Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter solution is also compatible with a cosmological constant and additional U(1) gauge fields.
This note discusses the late-time decay of perturbations outside extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. We consider individual spherical-harmonic modes $l$ of massless scalar field. The initial data are assumed to be of compact support, with generic regular behavior across the horizon. The scalar perturbations are found to decay at late time as $t^{-(2l+2)}$. We also provide the spatial dependence of the late-time tails, including the exact overall pre-factor.
We study the dynamics of a spherically symmetric dust shell separating two spacetime domains, the 'interior' one being a part of the de Sitter spacetime and the exterior one having the 'extremal' Reissner-Nordstroem geometry. Extending the ideas of previous works on the subject, we show that the it is possible to determine the (metastable) WKB quantum states of this gravitational system.
We study thermodynamic quantities and examine the stability of a black hole in a cavity inspired by the noncommutative geometry. It turns out that thermodynamic behavior of the noncommutative black hole is analogous to that of the Reissner-Nordström black hole in the near extremal limit. Moreover, we identify the noncommutative parameter with the squared electric charge with some constants.
Using Relativistic Quantum Geometry we show that the entropy can decrease in very small BHs, under certain circumstances, but always increases in very massive Black-Holes.
We perform a Hadamard point-split renormalization of the current density $j_ν$ of a charged scalar field in a Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter spacetime. We compute numerically the expectation values of the components $j_r$ and $j_t$ in the Unruh state in the exterior region and study their dependence on the field parameters and the position.
Allowing for scale dependence of the gravitational couplings leads to a generalization of the corresponding field equations. In this work, those equations are solved for the Einstein-Hilbert and the Einstein-Maxwell case, leading to generalizations of the (Anti)-de Sitter and the Reissner-Nordström black holes. Those solutions are discussed and compared to their classical counterparts.
Starting from Israel equations for the spherically symmetric thin shells we introduce the effective potential and show how it can be used in constructing, without further thorough investigation, the corresponding Carter-Penrose diagrams describing clearly the global geometry of the composite space-time manifolds. We demonstrate, how this new method works, by considering all possible configurations for the neutral thin dust shell immersed into different types of Reissner-Nordström electro-vacuum manifolds.
We discuss the phase transition between non-extremal and extremal Reissner-Nordström black holes. This transition is considered as the $T \to 0$ limit of the transition between the non-extremal and near-extremal black holes. We show that an evaporating process from non-extremal black hole to extremal one is possible to occur, but its reverse process is not possible to occur because of the presence of the maximum temperature. Furthermore, it is shown that the Hawking-Page phase transition between small and large black holes unlikely occurs in the AdS Reissner-Nordström black holes.
We investigate the existence of Reissner-Nordström (RN) type black holes in f(R) gravity. Our emphasis is to derive, in the presence of electrostatic source, the necessary conditions which provide such static, spherically symmetric (SSS) black holes available in f(R) gravity. We also study the thermodynamics of the black hole solution.
We study the linear metric perturbations of the Reissner-Nordström solution for the case of axial perturbation modes. We find that the well-known perturbative analysis fails for the case of dipole $(l=1)$ perturbations, although valid for higher multipoles. We define new radial functions, with which the perturbation formalism is generalized to all multipole orders, including the dipole. We then complete the solution by constructing the perturbed metric and Maxwell tensors.
In the eikonal regime, we analytically calculate quasinormal resonance frequencies for massless scalar perturbations of the higher-dimensional Reissner--Nordström (RN) black holes. Remarkably, we find that the higher-dimensional RN black holes coupled with the massless scalar fields have the fastest relaxation rates in the Schwarzschild limit, this is qualitatively different from the four-dimensional case where the black hole with non-vanishing charge has the fastest relaxation rate.
We study isoperimetric surfaces in the Reissner-Nordström spacetime, with emphasis on the cuasilocal inequality between area and charge. We analyze the stability of the isoperimetric spheres and we found that there is a lower bound on the area in terms of the charge, and that the inequality is saturated in the transition from the superextremal to the subextremal case. We also derive a general inequality between area and charge for stable isoperimetric surfaces in maximal electro-vacuum initial data.
We investigate the general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) equations for cold plasma around the Reissner-Nordström black hole. Applying 3+1 spacetime split we linearize the perturbed equations for non-magnetized/magnetized plasma in both rotating and non-rotating background. By Fourier analyze we then derive dispersion relations and investigate the existence of waves with positive angular frequency in the vicinity of the black hole horizon. The analysis finds propagation of negative phase and group velocities for rotating magnetized surroundings.
The quasinormal resonance frequency of the higher-dimensional Reissner--Nordström (RN) black hole due to charged massive scalar field perturbation is deduced analytically in the eikonal regime. The characteristic decay timescale of the charged massive scalar perturbation in the background of the higher-dimensional RN spacetime is then obtained. The result reveals that longlived charged massive scalar field can exist in higher-dimensional RN spacetime under a certain condition.
The singularity of the solutions obtained before in the teleparallel theory of gravitation is studied. Also the stability of these solutions is studied using the equations of geodesic deviation. The condition of stability is obtained. From this condition the stability of Schwarzschild solution can be obtained.
In order to specify a foliation of spacetime by spacelike hypersurfaces we need to place some restriction on the initial data and from this derive a way to calculate the lapse function $α$ which measures the proper time and interval between neighbouring hypersurfaces along the normal direction. Here we study a prescribed slicing known as the Constant Mean Curvature (CMC) slicing. This slicing will be applied to the Reissner-Nordström metric and the resultant slices will be investigated and then compared to those of the extended Schwarzschild solution.
The scattering amplitudes for the perturbed fields of the N=2 supergravity about the extreme Reissner-Nordström black hole is examined. Owing to the fact that the extreme hole is a BPS state of the theory and preserves an unbroken global supersymmetry(N=1), the scattering amplitudes of the component fields should be related to each other. In this paper, we derive the formula of the transformation of the scattering amplitudes.
We analyse various conformal properties of the extremal Reissner-Nordström spacetime. In particular, we obtain conformal representations of the neighbourhoods of spatial infinity, timelike infinity and the cylindrical end ---the so-called cylinders at spatial infinity and at the horizon, respectively--- which are regular with respect to the conformal Einstein field equations and their associated initial data sets. We discuss possible implications of these constructions for the propagation of test fields and non-linear perturbations of the gravitational field close to the horizon.
In this work we address the study of movement of charged particles in the background of charged black holes with non-trivial asymptotic behavior. We compute the exact trajectories for massive-charged particles in term of elliptic Jacobi function. Finally we obtain a detailed description of orbits for Reissner-Nordström (Anti)-de Sitter black holes in terms of charge, mass and energy of the particles.
We present the generalized Reissner-Nordström solution of the field equations of metric-affine gravity (MAG), endowed with electric and magnetic charges, as well as with gravito-electric and gravito-magnetic charges and a cosmological constant term. Moreover, the case $M=e_o$, i.e. mass equal to electric charge and $λ=0$, corresponds to an electrically and magnetically charged monopole. Also further multipole solutions are obtained. The charge assignments of the solutions is discussed.
The behavior of a massive charged test Dirac field in the background of a Reissner-Nordström black hole is investigated. Especially, we obtain the frequencies of quasibound states by solving the Dirac equation numerically both in time and frequency domain. Our results suggest that although the absence of superradiance excludes the existence of stationary solutions for massive Dirac fields, it is still possible to find arbitrarily long-lived solutions.
Based on the generalized uncertainty principle, we study the entropy of a four-dimensional black hole by counting degrees of freedom near the horizon and obtain the (finite) entropy proportional to the surface area at the horizon without a cutoff introduced in the conventional brick-wall method.
Motivated by recent numerical relativity simulations of charged black holes and their interactions, we explore the properties of common slicing conditions in Reissner-Nordström spacetimes. Specifically, we consider different choices for the so-called Bona-Massó function, and construct static and spherically symmetric slices of the Reissner-Nordström spacetime satisfying the corresponding slicing conditions. For some of these functions the construction is entirely analytical, while for others we use numerical root-finding to solve quartic equations. Our solutions are parameterized by the charge…
Using a new geometrical approach introduced by Gibbons and Werner we study the deflection angle by Reissner-Nordström black holes in the background spacetimes with a global monopole and a cosmic string. By calculating the corresponding optical Gaussian curvature and applying the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to the optical metric we find the leading terms of the deflection angle in the weak limit approximation. We find that the deflection angle increases due to the presence of topological defects.
It has been conjectured that black hole interacting with its surroundings will obey the Generalized Second Law ($GSL$) of thermodynamics. Conservation of $GSL$ is due to the fully thermal nature of Hawking radiation and an upper bound on entropy. We study these aspects for a Reissner-Nordstr$\ddot{\textbf{o}}$m ($RN$)black hole and conjecture that $GSL$ may be conserved if the equation of state of radiation near the horizon is modified. An upper bound on $S/E$, similar to the Bekenstein form evolves in the calculation.
We study the motion of neutral test particles in the gravitational field of two charged black holes described by the extreme Reissner-Nordstrøm dihole metric where the masses and charges of the black holes are chosen such that the gravitational attraction is compensated by the electrostatic repulsion. We investigate circular orbits in the equatorial plane between the two black holes with equal masses as well as the case of circular orbits outside this symmetry plane. We show that the first case reduces to an effective two-body problem with a behavior similar to a system described by the Reissn…
We study light deflection from a Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter black hole in the gravitational monopole background. We first calculate the orbit equation and the contribution of the monopole and black hole parameters to the deflection angle up to second-order for the vanishing cosmological constant case using the Rindler-Ishak method. We also obtain the contribution of the cosmological constant to light deflection in this geometry in the weak field limit using the same method.
We calculate the quasinormal modes of static spherically symmetric dilatonic Reissner-Nordström black holes for general values of the electric charge and of the dilaton coupling constant. The spectrum of quasinormal modes is composed of five families of modes: polar and axial gravitational-led modes, polar and axial electromagnetic-led modes, and polar scalar-led modes. We make a quantitative analysis of the spectrum, revealing its dependence on the electric charge and on the dilaton coupling constant. For large electric charge and large dilaton coupling, strong deviations from the Reissner-No…
We consider a microscopic model of a stretched horizon of the Reissner-Nordström black hole. In our model the stretched horizon consists of discrete constituents. Using our model we obtain an explicit, analytic expression for the partition function of the hole. Our partition function implies, among other things, the Hawking effect, and provides it with a microscopic explanation as a phase transition taking place at the stretched horizon. The partition function also implies the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy law. The model and its consequences are similar to those obtained previously for the Schwar…
The accretion of relativistic and non-relativistic fluids into a Reissner-Nordström black hole is revisited. The position of the critical point, the flow velocity at this point and the accretion rate are only slightly affected with respect to the Schwarzschild case when the fluid is non-relativistic. On the contrary, relativistic fluids cross the critical point always subsonically. In this case, the sonic point is located near the event horizon, which is crossed by the fluid with a velocity less than the light speed. The accretion rate of relativistic fluids by a Reissner-Nordström black hole …
We present a quite simple analytical study on the appearance or absence of naked singularities in binary systems. As an example we consider the double Reissner-Nordström solution and fix the conditions it should satisfy in order to avoid or develop singular surfaces off the axis. The proof shows that singular surfaces appear as a consequence of the presence of negative masses in the solution.