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arXiv 2602.00429math.OC
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求解含二元变量MIP问题的混合松弛-启发式框架

A Hybrid Relaxation-Heuristic Framework for Solving MIP with Binary Variables

New York University(纽约大学)

Zayn Wang

AI总结:

本文提出了一种混合松弛-启发式框架,用于求解含二元变量的MIQP问题,通过混合松弛和启发式优化提升求解效率。

摘要:

混合整数规划(MIP),特别是混合整数线性规划(MILP)和混合整数二次规划(MIQP),已在投资组合优化和网络流控制等领域得到广泛应用。由于包含整数变量或卡数约束,这些问题被证明是NP难的,给计算带来了重大挑战。虽然传统方法已探索了启发式和松弛技术(如拉格朗日对偶松弛)等近似方法,但将这些策略整合到统一的混合框架中仍处于探索阶段。本文提出了一种通用的混合框架,用于求解含二元变量的MIQP问题,包括两个阶段:(1)混合松弛阶段,利用线性松弛、对偶松弛和增强松弛结合随机采样生成多样化的预解池;(2)启发式优化阶段,利用遗传算法和变量邻域搜索(VNS)对池进行优化,以有效逼近二元解。由于页面限制,我们仅详细评估了该框架在投资组合优化问题上的表现,使用OR库中的基准数据集进行实验,实验结果展示了最先进的性能,突显了该框架高效解决更大更复杂MIP问题的能力。本研究提供了一种稳健且灵活的方法,连接了松弛技术和启发式优化,推动了挑战性MIP问题的实用求解性。

英文摘要:

Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP), particularly Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) and Mixed-Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP), has found extensive applications in domains such as portfolio optimization and network flow control, which inclusion of integer variables or cardinality constraints renders these problems NP-hard, posing significant computational challenges. While traditional approaches have explored approximation methods like heuristics and relaxation techniques (e.g. Lagrangian dual relaxation), the integration of these strategies within a unified hybrid framework remains underexplored. In this paper, we propose a generalized hybrid framework to address MIQP problems with binary variables, which consists of two phases: (1) a Mixed Relaxation Phase, which employs Linear Relaxation, Duality Relaxation, and Augmented Relaxation with randomized sampling to generate a diverse pre-solution pool, and (2) a Heuristic Optimization Phase, which refines the pool using Genetic Algorithms and Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) to approximate binary solutions effectively. Becuase of the page limit, we will only detailedly evaluate the proposed framework on portfolio optimization problems using benchmark datasets from the OR Library, where the experimental results demonstrate state-of-the-art performance, highlighting the framework's ability to solve larger and more complex MIP problems efficiently. This study offers a robust and flexible methodology that bridges relaxation techniques and heuristic optimization, advancing the practical solvability of challenging MIP problems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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