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arXiv 2601.14366hep-phastro-ph.CO
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引力波与由暗物质元稳真空衰变产生的原初黑洞

Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes produced by Dark Meta Stable Vacuum Decay

Tsinghua University（清华大学）

Haipeng An, Tingyu Li, Chen Yang

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50 pages, 12 figures
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AI总结：

研究通过暗物质元稳真空衰变引发的相变，探讨其产生的随机引力波背景及原初黑洞形成，发现引力波谱峰值与暗能量约束对原初黑洞形成的影响。

摘要：

受弦论和宇宙常数问题启发，宇宙的真空结构可能由一系列元稳真空构成。暗物质和暗能量的存在进一步表明，暗物质领域可能拥有自己的'暗景观'。如果暗真空是元稳的，低能相的气泡将以近似恒定的速率形成。由于哈勃膨胀率随宇宙时间单调递减，这种形成最终可能导致暗物质领域相变的渗透和完成。在本工作中，我们研究了这一转变的现象学后果，重点关注由此产生的随机引力波背景以及原初黑洞的可能形成。我们发现引力波谱在k_peak=3.1H_PT处达到峰值，振幅约为Ω_GW_peak≈1.5Ω_γ(Δρ/ρ_tot)^2。此外，由于ΔN_eff约束，原初黑洞的形成受到抑制。

英文摘要：

Inspired by string theory and cosmological constant problem, it is plausible that the Universe's vacuum structure is characterized by a landscape of metastable vacua. The existence of dark matter and dark energy further suggests that the dark sector may inhabit its own "dark landscape". If the dark vacuum is metastable, bubbles of lower-energy phases can nucleate at an approximately constant rate. Because the Hubble expansion rate is monotonically non-increasing with cosmic time, such nucleation can eventually lead to percolation and completion of a dark-sector phase transition. In this work, we investigate the phenomenological consequences of this transition, focusing on the resulting stochastic gravitational-wave background and the potential formation of primordial black holes. We find that the gravitational wave spectrum peaks at $k_{\mathrm{peak}}=3.1 H_{\mathrm{PT}}$, with an amplitude $Ω_{\mathrm{GW}}^{\mathrm{peak}}\simeq1.5 Ω_γ(Δρ/ρ_{\mathrm{tot}})^2$. Furthermore, the formation of primordial black holes is suppressed due to $ΔN_{\mathrm{eff}}$ constraint.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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