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arXiv 2601.04793astro-ph.EP
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由DART撞击导致小行星(65803) Didymos旋转周期变化

A change of the rotation period of asteroid (65803) Didymos caused by the DART impact

Charles University(查理大学);Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic(捷克科学院);Georgia Institute of Technology(佐治亚理工学院);University of Maryland, College Park(马里兰大学帕克分校);Université Côte d’Azur(蔚蓝海岸大学)

Josef Durech, Petr Pravec, Masatoshi Hirabayashi, Derek C. Richardson, Harrison Agrusa, Ryota Nakano

AI总结:

DART撞击使小行星Didymos的旋转周期变慢,通过光变曲线反演发现撞击前后周期差异显著,推测撞击导致其形状改变。

摘要:

2022年9月26日,NASA的双小行星偏转试验(DART)航天器撞击了二元小行星(65803) Didymos的次级组件Dimorphos。该实验测试了用于偏转危险小行星的动能撞击技术。由于撞击,二元系统的角动量发生了变化,导致Dimorphos的轨道周期显著变化。从2003年至2023年期间对Didymos-Dimorphos系统进行的六次掩星观测中,得到了撞击前后精确的轨道周期值。我们利用这些数据检测了撞击后可能的主小行星旋转周期变化。我们使用二元小行星光变曲线分解方法分析了二元系统的光变曲线。我们选择了覆盖轨道相位在相互事件外的光变曲线部分,这些代表主小行星的旋转光变曲线。我们应用光变曲线反演方法,构建了Didymos的凸形模型,确定其撞击前后旋转周期。这两个周期被当作模型中的独立自由参数。我们发现撞击前的周期值为2.2603891±0.0000002小时,撞击后的周期值为2.260440±0.000008小时。它们的差异0.18±0.03秒很小但显著,表明撞击后Didymos的旋转变慢了。最合理的物理解释是撞击后Didymos的形状变得更加扁平。

英文摘要:

On 26 September 2022, the NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft impacted Dimorphos, the secondary component of the binary asteroid (65803)~Didymos. This experiment tested the Kinetic Impactor technology for diverting dangerous asteroids. Due to the impact, the binary system's angular momentum has changed, resulting in a significant change in the orbital period of Dimorphos. Precise values of the pre- and post-impact orbital periods were derived from a large set of photometric light curves measured for the Didymos-Dimorphos system during six apparitions from 2003 to 2023. We used these data to detect a possible change in the rotation period of the primary as a consequence of the impact. We analyzed the binary system's light curves using the binary asteroid light curve decomposition method. We selected parts of the light curves covering orbital phases outside mutual events, which represent the primary rotational light curves. We applied the light curve inversion method to construct a convex shape model of Didymos and determine its rotation period before and after the impact. These two periods were treated as independent free parameters of the modeling. We found a value of 2.2603891 +/- 0.0000002 h for the pre-impact period and 2.260440 +/- 0.000008 h for the post-impact period. Their difference 0.18 +/- 0.03 s is small yet significant, indicating that the rotation of Didymos became slower after the DART impact. The most plausible physical explanation is Didymos's post-impact reshaping, making its shape more oblate.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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