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arXiv 1603.07151astro-ph.EP
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双小行星动力学撞击次级小行星的喷出物云:I。力学环境与动力学模型

Ejecta Cloud from a Kinetic Impact on the Secondary of a Binary Asteroid: I. Mechanical Environment and Dynamic Model

Yang Yu, Patrick Michel, Stephen R. Schwartz, Shantanu P. Naidu, Lance A. M. Benner

摘要:

了解撞击后喷出物云的动态对于规划对小行星的动能撞击飞行任务至关重要,而且对行星形成史也有重大影响。本文的目的是跟踪AIDA任务产生的喷出物的演变,该任务的目标是在2022年动力学撞击近地双小行星65803 Didymos的次级,并反馈必要的信息,AIDA正在进行的A阶段研究。我们提出了一个详细的动态模型,从一个二进制的小行星,综合所有相关的力量的基础上,以前的力学环境分析的喷出物云的模拟。我们应用我们的方法来深入了解Didymos对AIDA影响的预期反应,包括碎片和尘埃的后续演变。实验室实验的火山口比例关系被用来近似的喷出物质量和发射速度的分布。碎片的大小组成的模型与幂律拟合从实际小行星表面的观测。使用飞行任务规定的参数模拟全尺寸演示。我们报告的模拟结果,其中包括计算的喷出物云的传播和记录的历史喷出物吸积和逃逸。喷出物演化的剧烈期很短,随后是一个剩余喷出物逐渐被清除的阶段。太阳辐射压力在清除尘埃大小的喷出物方面证明是有效的,两周后的模拟结果表明,极轨道(垂直于双星轨道平面)上的大碎片比较小的喷出物和留在低纬度的喷出物具有生存优势。

英文摘要:

An understanding of the post-impact dynamics of ejecta clouds are crucial to the planning of a kinetic impact mission to an asteroid, and also has great implications for the history of planetary formation. The purpose of this article to track the evolution of ejecta produced by AIDA mission, which targets for kinetic impact the secondary of near-Earth binary asteroid 65803 Didymos on 2022, and to feedback essential informations to AIDA's ongoing phase-A study. We present a detailed dynamic model for the simulation of an ejecta cloud from a binary asteroid that synthesizes all relevant forces based on a previous analysis of the mechanical environment. We apply our method to gain insight into the expected response of Didymos to the AIDA impact, including the subsequent evolution of debris and dust. The crater scaling relations from laboratory experiments are employed to approximate the distributions of ejecta mass and launching speed. The size composition of fragments is modeled with a power law fitted from observations of real asteroid surface. A full-scale demonstration is simulated using parameters specified by the mission. We report the results of the simulation, which include the computed spread of the ejecta cloud and the recorded history of ejecta accretion and escape. The violent period of the ejecta evolution is found to be short, and is followed by a stage where the remaining ejecta is gradually cleared. Solar radiation pressure proves to be efficient in cleaning dust-size ejecta, and the simulation results after two weeks shows that large debris on polar orbits (perpendicular to the binary orbital plane) has a survival advantage over smaller ejecta and ejecta that keep to low latitudes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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