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arXiv 2512.04495quant-ph
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非厄米特连续变量系统的通用量子控制

Universal quantum control over non-Hermitian continuous-variable systems

School of Physics, Zhejiang University(浙江大学物理学院)

Zhu-yao Jin, Jun Jing

AI总结:

本文提出一种通用理论,用于在时间依赖的非厄米特哈密顿量下控制任意数量的玻色子模。该理论在海森堡图景中操作,利用瞬时框架下的规范势而非能谱。通过上三角化条件,得到非绝热过程和时间依赖的薛定谔方程精确解,并实现了无需强制归一化的波函数概率守恒。

摘要:

当前关于非厄米特量子力学中连续变量系统的研究主要集中在通过模仿离散变量对应物来研究能谱奇点。关于时间演化非幺正特性的讨论正在增长,但受限于可扩展性和可控性。本文提出了一种通用理论,用于在时间依赖的非厄米特哈密顿量下控制任意数量的玻色子模。远超少数激发子空间,该控制理论在海森堡图景中操作,并利用瞬时框架下的规范势而非能谱。特别是,瞬时框架由时间依赖的辅助算符定义,作为实验室框架算符的线性组合,而规范势源于时间依赖和静态辅助框架之间的幺正变换。我们发现非厄米特哈密顿量系数矩阵在静态辅助框架中的上三角化条件导致了bra和ket空间中的两个非绝热过程以及时间依赖的薛定谔方程的精确解。在这些过程结束时,波函数的概率守恒自动恢复而无需强制归一化。本文通过一个腔体磁性系统中的完美和非 reciprocal状态传输来示例该理论,该系统在由利德布拉斯主方程严格推导出的非厄米特哈密顿量下进行,保留了所有量子跃迁项。在某些条件下,完美状态传输适用于任意初始状态,并且与系数矩阵的奇点时间和能谱的奇点无关。非 reciprocal传输与相干完美吸收一致,为非厄米特连续变量系统的相干控制提供了第一性原理的路线。

英文摘要:

Current studies about the continuous-variable systems in non-Hermitian quantum mechanics heavily revolved around the singularities in the eigenspectrum by mimicking their discrete-variable counterparts. Discussions over the nonunitary features in time evolution are growing and yet limited in scalability and controllability. We develop here a general theory to control an arbitrary number of bosonic modes under time-dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Far beyond the subspace of few excitations, our control theory operates in the Heisenberg picture and exploits the gauge potential underlying the instantaneous frames rather than the eigenspectrum. In particular, instantaneous frames are defined by time-dependent ancillary operators as linear combinations of the laboratory-frame operators, while the gauge potential arises from the unitary transformation between the time-dependent and stationary ancillary frames. We find that upper triangularization condition of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian's coefficient matrix in the stationary ancillary frame yields two nonadiabatic passages in both bra and ket spaces and also the exact solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. At the end of these passages, probability conservation of wave function is automatically restored without brute-force normalization. Our theory is exemplified by perfect and nonreciprocal state transfers in a cavity magnonic system under non-Hermitian Hamiltonian rigorously derived from the Lindblad master equation with all quantum-jump terms retained. Under certain conditions, perfect state transfer holds for arbitrary initial states and is irrelevant to both parity-time symmetry of coefficient matrix and exceptional points of eigenspectrum. The nonreciprocal transfer is consistent with coherent perfect absorption, providing a first-principles route to coherent control of non-Hermitian continuous-variable systems.

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