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arXiv 2510.04583cs.LG
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利用扩散模型改进概率回归

Improved probabilistic regression using diffusion models

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München(慕尼黑莱布尼茨大学);Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML)(慕尼黑机器学习中心);University of Tromsø(特罗姆斯大学);DLR-German Aerospace Center(德国航空航天中心)

Carlo Kneissl, Christopher Bülte, Philipp Scholl, Gitta Kutyniok

AI总结:

本文提出一种基于扩散模型的非参数概率回归框架,通过建模扩散噪声的完整分布来增强不确定性量化,在多种回归任务中优于现有基线。

摘要:

概率回归对响应变量的整个预测分布进行建模,相比经典的点估计能提供更丰富的见解,并直接支持不确定性量化。尽管基于扩散的生成模型在生成复杂高维数据方面表现出显著成功,但其在一般回归任务中的使用往往缺乏与不确定性相关的评估,且仍局限于特定领域的应用。我们提出了一种新颖的基于扩散的概率回归框架,以非参数方式学习预测分布。更具体地,我们提出对扩散噪声的完整分布进行建模,从而能够适应多样化的任务并增强不确定性量化。我们研究了不同的噪声参数化方式,分析了它们的权衡,并在涵盖低维和高维设置的广泛回归任务上评估了我们的框架。在多个实验中,我们的方法相对于现有基线表现出优越的性能,同时提供校准的不确定性估计,展示了其作为概率预测工具的通用性。

英文摘要:

Probabilistic regression models the entire predictive distribution of a response variable, offering richer insights than classical point estimates and directly allowing for uncertainty quantification. While diffusion-based generative models have shown remarkable success in generating complex, high-dimensional data, their usage in general regression tasks often lacks uncertainty-related evaluation and remains limited to domain-specific applications. We propose a novel diffusion-based framework for probabilistic regression that learns predictive distributions in a nonparametric way. More specifically, we propose to model the full distribution of the diffusion noise, enabling adaptation to diverse tasks and enhanced uncertainty quantification. We investigate different noise parameterizations, analyze their trade-offs, and evaluate our framework across a broad range of regression tasks, covering low- and high-dimensional settings. For several experiments, our approach shows superior performance against existing baselines, while delivering calibrated uncertainty estimates, demonstrating its versatility as a tool for probabilistic prediction.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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