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arXiv 2510.04488cs.AIcs.ITmath.IT
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多智能体协作智能:面向可靠大语言模型推理的双拨盘控制

Multi-Agent Collaborative Intelligence: Dual-Dial Control for Reliable LLM Reasoning

Stanford University(斯坦福大学);UIUC(伊利诺伊大学香槟分校)

Edward Y. Chang, Ethan Y. Chang

AI总结:

针对多智能体辩论浪费算力的问题,提出带信息、行为双拨盘的MACI控制器,解耦信息与行为,结合CRIT评判器实现可终止的高效推理,提升任务准确率并减少token消耗。

摘要:

多智能体辩论常因采用固定对抗立场、未经审慎考量就聚合结果或基于启发式规则停止,而浪费计算资源。我们提出MACI(多智能体协作智能),这是一种具备两个独立拨盘的主动控制器,可将信息与行为解耦:信息拨盘按质量对证据进行门控,行为拨盘则在探索到巩固的区间内调度争议程度。一名协调者追踪分歧、重叠度、证据质量与论证质量,在收益趋于平稳时停止流程。我们为该方法提供了轻理论保障,证明其离散度非递增且可终止,同时配备了预算可行的调度器。在临床诊断和新闻偏见任务中,MACI提升了准确率与校准度,同时减少了token消耗,还能将残余不确定性转化为精确RAG(检索增强生成)方案,明确下一步需检索的内容。我们采用跨模型族大语言模型评判器CRIT作为保守软权重与停止信号,验证了其顺序不变性与评判器替换稳定性;稳定性依赖于使用高能力评判器。MACI将辩论转化为一种具备预算感知、可测量且可证明终止的控制器。

英文摘要:

Multi-agent debate often wastes compute by using a fixed adversarial stance, aggregating without deliberation, or stopping on heuristics. We introduce MACI, an active controller with two independent dials that decouple information from behavior: an information dial that gates evidence by quality, and a behavior dial that schedules contentiousness from exploration to consolidation. A moderator tracks disagreement, overlap, evidence quality, and argument quality, and halts when gains plateau. We provide theory-lite guarantees for nonincreasing dispersion and provable termination, with a budget-feasible scheduler. Across clinical diagnosis and news-bias tasks, MACI improves accuracy and calibration while reducing tokens, and converts residual uncertainty into precision RAG plans that specify what to retrieve next. We use a cross-family LLM judge (CRIT) as a conservative soft weight and stop signal, validated for order invariance and judge-swap stability; stability depends on using high-capability judges. MACI turns debate into a budget-aware, measurable, and provably terminating controller.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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