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arXiv 2510.03073astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GA
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宇宙射线穿透分子云的自洽模型:能量损失的影响

Self-consistent model of cosmic ray penetration into molecular clouds: Effect of energy losses

D. O. Chernyshov, A. V. Ivlev, V. A. Dogiel

AI总结:

本研究将已有的相对论宇宙射线穿透分子云理论拓展至非相对论粒子,揭示了电离损失、质子与电子共同激发MHD波等效应会显著改变自调制过程,大幅削弱中等柱密度分子云内的宇宙射线能谱。

摘要:

近期由Chernyshov等人(2024)针对相对论粒子建立的宇宙射线(CR)穿透致密分子云理论,被拓展至非相对论宇宙射线范畴。流入分子云的星际宇宙射线能够在弥散的云包层中共振激发磁流体力学(MHD)波,进而引发自调制效应,即流动的粒子会在自生波上发生散射。与相对论宇宙射线不同,低能粒子在云包层中的输运通常会受到电离损失的强烈影响;此外,宇宙射线质子和电子均会参与波的激发。我们的研究表明,这些效应对自调制过程具有深远影响,即便对于柱密度仅为数倍$10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$的中等密度分子云,这些效应也能显著削弱其内部的宇宙射线能谱。

英文摘要:

The theory of cosmic-ray (CR) penetration into dense molecular clouds developed recently for relativistic particles by Chernyshov et al. (2024) is extended to non-relativistic CRs. Interstellar CRs streaming into the clouds are able to resonantly excite MHD waves in diffuse cloud envelopes. This leads to the self-modulation, such that streaming particles are scattered at the self-generated waves. In contrast to relativistic CRs, transport of lower-energy particles in the envelopes is generally heavily affected by ionization losses; furthermore, both CR protons and electrons contribute to wave excitation. We show that these effects have profound impact on the self-modulation, and can dramatically reduce CR spectra even for clouds with moderate column densities of a few times $10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$.

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