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arXiv 2510.02802astro-ph.HE
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利用HESS观测PSR B1055-52的TeV辐射:脉冲星星云的证据

TeV Emission from PSR B1055-52 with HESS: Evidence for a Pulsar Halo

Tina Wach, Alison M. W. Mitchell

AI总结:

本研究利用H.E.S.S.阵列首次在南半球探测到PSR B1055-52的TeV脉冲星星云,证实慢扩散是脉冲星星云的普遍特征,为相关天体族群研究提供了关键数据。

摘要:

脉冲星星云是最近发现的一类TeV γ射线源,为研究最高能量下脉冲星系统的演化提供了宝贵视角。然而,目前仅探测到少数此类源,因此每一次新的识别对于理解该类天体的整体属性都至关重要。我们利用H.E.S.S.望远镜阵列的观测数据,首次探测到PSR B1055−52周围的延展甚高能(VHE)γ射线辐射。这颗中年脉冲星此前与Geminga、PSR B0656+14一同被归为“三剑客”成员,现已确认其拥有TeV脉冲星星云,使其成为第三颗被探测到的此类系统,也是在南半球发现的首个TeV脉冲星星云。我们在0.3−60 TeV的能量范围内开展分析,发现γ射线辐射的1σ延展度为(2.05 ± 0.32)°。分析表明,该辐射的延展范围超出了H.E.S.S.的观测区域,且未探测到辐射区域内存在显著的光谱变化。\n 推导得到的该星云扩散系数显著低于星际介质(ISM)的标准值,与Geminga星云的研究结果一致,表明慢扩散可能是脉冲星星云的普遍属性。这颗新TeV脉冲星星云的探测为研究脉冲星星云的族群整体属性、它们对宇宙线传播的影响,以及其作为银河系电子和正电子源的作用提供了关键数据点。

英文摘要:

Pulsar halos are a recently identified class of TeV $γ$-ray sources, offering valuable insights into the evolution of pulsar systems at the highest energies. However, only a handful of such sources have been detected so far, making each new identification critical for understanding the properties of the population as a whole. We report the first detection of extended very-high-energy (VHE) $γ$-ray emission around PSR~B1055$-$52 using observations from the H.E.S.S. array. This middle-aged pulsar, previously grouped together with Geminga and PSR~B0656$+$14 as part of the ``Three Musketeers'', has now been confirmed to host a TeV pulsar halo, making it the third detected system of its kind, and the first TeV pulsar halo discovered in the southern hemisphere. Our analysis performed in an energy range of $0.3-60\,$TeV, reveals gamma-ray emission with a one sigma extension of $(2.05 \pm 0.32)^\circ$. The analysis indicates that the emission extends beyond the region which was observed with H.E.S.S.. No significant spectral variation is detected across the emission. The diffusion coefficient derived for this halo is significantly lower than the standard ISM value, aligning with findings in the Geminga halo and indicating that slow diffusion may be a common property of pulsar halos. The detection of this new TeV pulsar halo provides a crucial data point for studying the population-wide properties of pulsar halos, their impact on cosmic-ray propagation, and their role as a source of Galactic electrons and positrons.

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