Very Massive Stars with the Habitable Worlds Observatory
Fabrice Martins, Aida Wofford, Miriam Garcia, Peter Senchyna, Janice Lee, Paul A. Scowen
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9 pages, 4 figures. HWO science case, to be presented at the conference "Towards the Habitable Worlds Observatory: Visionary Science and Transformational Technology" and to be submitted to Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Very massive stars (VMS) are defined as stars with an initial mass in excess of 100 Msun. Because of their short lifetime and the shape of the stellar mass function, they are rare objects. Only about twenty of them are known in the Galaxy and the Large Magellanic Cloud. However VMS are important in several ways. They efficiently spread nucleosynthesis products through their boosted stellar winds, they are predicted to explode as pair-instability supernovae or to form heavy black-holes from direct collapse, and they outshine all other types of stars in the ultraviolet light, thus dominating the integrated light of starbursts. Their presence is indirectly suspected across all redshifts, all the way to cosmic dawn where they may have played a key role in the formation of the first galaxies. Their search and identification is currently hampered by instrumental limitation, especially spatial resolution. An integral field spectrograph working at the diffraction limit of HWO (5mas) and with a spectral resolution of about 2000 would revolutionize the understanding of VMS. We make the case for such an instrument in this contribution.
Closeby Habitable Exoplanet Survey (CHES). IV. Synergy between astrometry and direct imaging missions of the Habitable World Observatory for detecting Earth-like planets
An Ultraviolet Instrument on the Habitable Worlds Observatory: Considerations and Capability Trades on the Multi-Object, Integral-field, and High-resolution modes of a potential UVI
University of Colorado, Boulder（科罗拉多大学博尔德分校）；Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics（大气与空间物理实验室）；BAE Systems, Inc.（BAE系统公司）
Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO): Living Worlds Community Working Group: The Search for Life on Potentially Habitable Exoplanets
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心）；NASA Ames Research Center（美国宇航局艾姆斯研究中心）；Louisiana State University（路易斯安那州立大学）；Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院喷气推进实验室）；University of Washington（华盛顿大学）；Purdue University（普渡大学）；University of California at Riverside（加利福尼亚大学河滨分校）；Arizona State University（亚利桑那州立大学）；Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室）；University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory（亚利桑那大学月球与行星实验室）；Gemini North Observatory（双子座北望远镜）；Bard College（巴德学院）；University of Oslo（奥斯陆大学）
Pollux: high-resolution precision spectroscopy and polarimetry for the Habitable Worlds Observatory
LAM (CNRS, CNES, Aix-Marseille Université)（拉格朗日天体物理实验室）；LIRA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CY Cergy Paris Université（巴黎天文台）；Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences（奥地利科学院空间研究所）；Department of Physics, University of Oxford（牛津大学物理系）；United Arab Emirates University（阿联酋大学）
Paving the Road to the Habitable Worlds Observatory with High-Resolution Imaging I: New and Archival Speckle Observations of Potential HWO Target Stars
NASA Ames Research Center（美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心）；NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, IPAC, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院IPAC NASA系外行星科学研究所）；Mount Holyoke College（芒特霍利奥克学院）；Bay Area Environmental Research Institute（湾区环境研究所）；NSF NOIRLab（美国国家光学红外天文研究实验室）；International Gemini Observatory/ NSF NOIRLab（国际双子星观测台/美国国家光学红外天文研究实验室）；Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院喷气推进实验室）；Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai’i（夏威夷大学天体物理研究所）；NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心）
Cross-Model Validation of Coronagraphic Exposure Time Calculators for the Habitable Worlds Observatory: A Report from the Exoplanet Science Yield sub-Working Group
The Smallsat Technology Accelerated Maturation Platform-1 (STAMP-1): A Proposal to Advance Ultraviolet Science, Workforce, and Technology for the Habitable Worlds Observatory
Pollux: decisions affecting the optical architecture of a high-resolution spectrograph and polarimeter for the Habitable Worlds Observatory
Department of Physics, University of Oxford（牛津大学物理系）；Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences（奥地利科学院空间研究所）；LIRA, Observatoire de Paris, Universite PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Universite, Universite Paris Cite, CY Cergy Universite（巴黎天文台 LIRA 实验室（隶属于 PSL 大学、CNRS、索邦大学、巴黎西岱大学、CY 塞尔吉大学））；Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille（艾克斯-马赛大学）
Masses of Potentially Habitable Planets Characterized by the Habitable Worlds Observatory
The Ohio State University（俄亥俄州立大学）；NASA Ames Research Center（美国宇航局艾姆斯研究中心）；University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）；California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）；NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心）
Habitable Worlds Observatory Living Worlds Working Group: Surface Biosignatures on Potentially Habitable Exoplanets
NASA Ames Research Center（美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心）；University of Washington（华盛顿大学）；University of Michigan（密歇根大学）；NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies（美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空研究所）；Cornell University（康奈尔大学）；University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；University of Bern（伯尔尼大学）；Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich（慕尼黑路德维希-马克西米利安大学）；IRSOL, Universita Svizzera italiana（瑞士意大利大学太阳观测研究所）；Goddard Space Flight Center（戈达德太空飞行中心）；Purdue University（普渡大学）；Nagoya University（名古屋大学）；University of Rhode Island（罗德岛大学）；Northern Arizona University（北亚利桑那大学）；University of Central Florida（中佛罗里达大学）；Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室）
Early Architecture Concepts for the Habitable Worlds Observatory -- System Design, Modeling, and Analysis
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国国家航空航天局戈达德太空飞行中心）；Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院喷气推进实验室）；Aerodyne Industries, LLC（气动工业有限责任公司）；Quartus Engineering（夸特工程公司）；NASA Ames Research Center（美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心）；Vertex Aerospace, LLC（顶点航空航天有限责任公司）；Tellus1 Scientific, LLC（地球一号科学有限责任公司）；NASA Marshall Space Flight Center（美国国家航空航天局马歇尔太空飞行中心）
CoronaGraph Instrument Reference stars for Exoplanets (CorGI-REx) I. Preliminary Vetting and Implications for the Roman Coronagraph and Habitable Worlds Observatory
University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）；California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）；NASA Ames Research Center（美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心）；Bay Area Environmental Research Institute（湾区环境研究所）；Max Planck Institute for Astronomy（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；Cornell University（康奈尔大学）；University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学）；University of Notre Dame（圣母大学）；National Astronomical Observatory of Japan（日本国立天文台）；University of California, Santa Barbara（加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校）；Northwestern University（西北大学）；European Southern Observatory（欧洲南方天文台）；University of California, Santa Cruz（加州大学圣克鲁兹分校）
PEEPSS: Photonic-Enabled ExoPlanet Spectroscopic Sensor for the Habitable Worlds Observatory
University of Central Florida（中佛罗里达大学）；University of California Santa Cruz（加州大学圣克鲁兹分校）；University of Sydney（悉尼大学）；Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）
pyEDITH: the coronagraphic exposure time calculator for the Habitable Worlds Observatory
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心）；Department of Astronomy University of Maryland（马里兰大学天文学系）；Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology II (CRESST II)（空间科学与技术研究探索中心二期（CRESST II））；Department of Astronomy and Astrobiology Program University of Washington（华盛顿大学天文学与天体生物学项目）；Johns Hopkins APL（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室）；Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）
NASA Decadal Astrobiology Research and Exploration Strategy (NASA-DARES 2025) White Paper -- Habitable Worlds Observatory Living Worlds Science Cases: Research Gaps and Needs
JWST telemetry combined with active coronagraphy: raw contrast predictions for exoplanet imaging with the Habitable Worlds Observatory
Space Telescope Science Institute（太空望远镜科学研究所）；University of California Santa Cruz（加州大学圣克鲁兹分校）；Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange（蔚蓝海岸大学，蔚蓝海岸天文台，法国国家科学研究中心，拉格朗日实验室）；Max Planck Institute for Astronomy（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）
Imaging Venus-like Worlds: Spectral, Polarimetric, and UV Diagnostics for the Habitable Worlds Observatory
University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；SETI Institute（SETI研究所）；University of Central Florida（中佛罗里达大学）；Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences（奥地利科学院空间研究所）；Washington University, St. Louis（华盛顿大学（圣路易斯））；Université Paris-Saclay（巴黎萨克雷大学）；Université Paris Cité（巴黎西岱大学）
The power of polarimetry for characterising exoplanet atmospheres, clouds, and surfaces with NASA's Habitable Worlds Observatory
University of Bristol（布里斯托大学）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；University of Exeter（埃克塞特大学）；The Open University（开放大学）；University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学）；Leiden Observatory（莱顿天文台）；Delft University of Technology（代尔夫特理工大学）
