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arXiv 2502.03336astro-ph.EP
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产生类似ʻOumuamua星际小行星的单巨行星系统构型

Configuration of Single Giant Planet Systems Generating `Oumuamua-Like Interstellar Asteroids

Xi-Ling Zheng, Ji-Lin Zhou

AI总结:

本研究通过长期数值模拟验证潮汐碎裂机制在单巨行星系统中的可行性,发现行星偏心轨道(eₚ~0.2)和木星质量(Mₚ~Mⱼ)为最优条件,明确了类似ʻOumuamua星际天体的产生比例等关键规律。

摘要:

首个发现的星际小天体ʻOumuamua(1I/2017 U1)具有极度细长的几何形状以及小行星与彗星的双重特征等独特物理性质。这些性质表明其可能起源于潮汐碎裂,该机制假设ʻOumuamua是在与恒星或白矮星近距离相遇时通过强烈的潮汐碎裂产生的,从而形成其形状并从诞生系统中被弹出。根据这一机制,母体需要高初始轨道偏心率和小近心点才能产生类似ʻOumuamua的天体。为验证该机制是否能在单巨行星系统中发生,本研究对低质量(0.5M⊙)宿主恒星和一颗巨行星的系统进行了长期数值模拟。我们确定行星的偏心轨道(eₚ~0.2)和木星质量(Mₚ~Mⱼ)似乎是产生足够扰动以形成类似ʻOumuamua天体的最优条件。当行星半长轴aₚ增加时,被弹出系统外的星子比例P(ej)相应增加,而被弹出星子经历恒星潮汐碎裂的可能性P(tidal|ej)则保持相对恒定,约为0.6%。仅关注恒星潮汐碎裂时,极度细长的星际天体与所有星际天体的比例为Pₑ~3%。

英文摘要:

The first discovered interstellar small object, `Oumuamua (1I/2017 U1), presents unique physical properties of extremely elongated geometric shape and dual characteristics of an asteroid and a comet. These properties suggest a possible origin through tidal fragmentation, which posits that `Oumuamua was produced through intensive tidal fragmentation during a close encounter with a star or a white dwarf, resulting in its shape and ejection from its natal system. According to this mechanism, a high initial orbit eccentricity and a small pericentre of the parent body are necessary to produce `Oumuamua-like objects. To verify whether this mechanism can occur in single giant planet systems, we conduct long-term numerical simulations of systems with a low-mass ($0.5M_\odot$) host star and a giant planet in this study. We determine that an eccentric orbit ($e_\mathrm{p}\sim0.2$) and a Jupiter-mass ($M_\mathrm{p}\sim M_\mathrm{J}$) of the planet appears to be optimal to generate sufficient perturbations for the production of `Oumuamua-like objects. When the planetary semi-major axis $a_\mathrm{p}$ increases, the proportion of planetesimals ejected beyond the system $P(\mathrm{ej})$ increases accordingly, while the possibilities of ejected planetesimals undergoing stellar tidal fragmentation $P(\mathrm{tidal}|\mathrm{ej})$ remains relatively constant at $\sim0.6\%$. Focusing on stellar tidal fragmentation alone, the ratio of extremely elongated interstellar objects to all interstellar objects is $P_\mathrm{e}\sim3\%$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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