1I/‘Oumuamua 因 H$_2$O 冰中辐射分解产生的 H$_2$ 而获得加速度
Acceleration of 1I/`Oumuamua from radiolytically produced H$_2$ in H$_2$O ice
AI总结：
本研究提出1I/‘Oumuamua的非引力加速度源于其富水冰内部经宇宙射线辐射产生的捕获态分子氢的释放，该机制无需精细调谐即可解释其奇特性质，支持其为类似太阳系彗星的星子遗迹。
摘要：
2017年，1I/‘Oumuamua 被确认为太阳系中已知的首个星际天体。尽管未探测到典型的彗星活动示踪物，‘Oumuamua 却表现出显著的非引力加速度。迄今为止，尚无解释能够调和这些矛盾约束。从能量角度考量，高挥发性分子的释气比 H$_2$O 和 CO$_2$ 等较重的挥发性物质更受青睐。然而，现有涉及纯 H$_2$、N$_2$ 和 CO 升华的模型存在理论和/或观测上的不一致性。非释气类解释则需要经过精细调谐的形成机制，和/或不切实际的前身天体产生率。本文中我们报告，‘Oumuamua 的加速度源于其内部捕获的分子氢的释放，这些氢是通过富 H$_2$O 冰质天体的能量加工过程形成的。在该模型中，‘Oumuamua 最初是一颗冰质星子，在星际旅行期间于低温下受到宇宙射线照射，并在穿越太阳系的过程中经历升温。大量实验工作支持这一解释：实验表明 H$_2$ 可通过 H$_2$O 冰的加工过程高效且普遍地产生，并且在非晶水基质的退火过程中，被捕获的 H$_2$ 会在很宽的温度范围内释放。我们证明该机制无需精细调谐就能解释‘Oumuamua 的诸多奇特性质。这进一步支持了‘Oumuamua 起源于一颗大致类似于太阳系彗星的星子遗迹的观点。
英文摘要：
In 2017, 1I/`Oumuamua was identified as the first known interstellar object in the Solar System. Although typical cometary activity tracers were not detected, `Oumuamua exhibited a significant non-gravitational acceleration. To date there is no explanation that can reconcile these constraints. Due to energetic considerations, outgassing of hyper-volatile molecules is favored over heavier volatiles like H$_2$O and CO$_2$. However, there are are theoretical and/or observational inconsistencies with existing models invoking the sublimation of pure H$_2$, N$_2$, and CO. Non-outgassing explanations require fine-tuned formation mechanisms and/or unrealistic progenitor production rates. Here we report that the acceleration of `Oumuamua is due to the release of entrapped molecular hydrogen which formed through energetic processing of an H$_2$O-rich icy body. In this model, `Oumuamua began as an icy planetesimal that was irradiated at low temperatures by cosmic rays during its interstellar journey, and experienced warming during its passage through the Solar System. This explanation is supported by a large body of experimental work showing that H$_2$ is efficiently and generically produced from H$_2$O ice processing, and that the entrapped H$_2$ is released over a broad range of temperatures during annealing of the amorphous water matrix. We show that this mechanism can explain many of `Oumuamua's peculiar properties without fine-tuning. This provides further support that `Oumuamua originated as a planetesimal relic broadly similar to Solar System comets.
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