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arXiv 2502.00643physics.ao-ph
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气候网络与复杂性方法预测2025年出现中性ENSO事件

Climate network and complexity approach predict neutral ENSO event for 2025

J. Ludescher, J. Meng, J. Fan, A. Bunde, H. J. Schellnhuber

AI总结:

本研究应用气候网络和复杂性方法预测2025年ENSO状态,发现2025年极大概率无厄尔尼诺,结合ONI逻辑回归预测2025/26年有69.6%概率为中性ENSO事件,全球均温或较2024年下降。

摘要:

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)是年际全球气候变率的最强驱动因素,可导致干旱和洪水等极端天气事件。此外,ENSO影响全球平均温度,在气候变暖背景下,强厄尔尼诺事件常导致新的创纪录高温。近期,我们开发了两种厄尔尼诺早期预报方法。基于气候网络的方法可提前约1年预报厄尔尼诺事件的发生。基于复杂性的方法还能在前一日历年预报即将到来的厄尔尼诺事件的幅度。这些方法成功预报了2023/24年东太平洋厄尔尼诺的发生及2024年随后的创纪录变暖。在此,我们应用这些方法预报2025年的ENSO状态。两种方法分别以91.2%和91.7%的概率预报2025年无厄尔尼诺。将这些预报与基于海洋尼诺指数(ONI)的逻辑回归相结合,得出2025/26年出现中性ENSO事件的概率为69.6%。我们估计拉尼娜的概率为21.8%。这使得2025年全球平均温度很可能较2024年水平有所下降。

英文摘要:

The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest driver of interannual global climate variability and can lead to extreme weather events like droughts and flooding. Additionally, ENSO influences the mean global temperature with strong El Niño events often leading, in a warming climate, to new record highs. Recently, we have developed two approaches for the early forecasting of El Niño. The climate network-based approach allows forecasting the onset of an El Niño event about 1 year ahead. The complexity-based approach allows additionally to forecast the magnitude of an upcoming El Niño event in the calendar year before. These methods successfully forecasted the onset of an Eastern Pacific El Niño for 2023/24 and the subsequent record-breaking warming of 2024. Here, we apply these methods to forecast the ENSO state in 2025. Both methods forecast the absence of an El Niño in 2025, with 91.2% and 91.7% probability, respectively. Combining these forecasts with a logistic regression based on the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) leads to a 69.6% probability that 2025/26 will be a neutral ENSO event. We estimate the probability of a La Niña at 21.8%. This makes it likely that the mean global temperature in 2025 will decrease somewhat compared to the 2024 level.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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