The MBTA Pipeline for Detecting Compact Binary Coalescences in the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run
Christopher Alléné, Florian Aubin, Inès Bentara, Damir Buskulic, Gianluca M Guidi, Vincent Juste, Morgan Lethuillier, Frédérique Marion, Lorenzo Mobilia, Benoît… 展开作者
Christopher Alléné, Florian Aubin, Inès Bentara, Damir Buskulic, Gianluca M Guidi, Vincent Juste, Morgan Lethuillier, Frédérique Marion, Lorenzo Mobilia, Benoît Mours, Amazigh Ouzriat, Thomas Sainrat, Viola Sordini
In this paper, we describe the Multi-Band Template Analysis (MBTA) search pipeline dedicated to the detection of compact binary coalescence (CBC) gravitational wave signals from the data obtained by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration (LVK) during the fourth observing run (O4), which started in May 2023. We give details on the configuration of the pipeline and its evolution compared to the third observing run (O3). We focus here on the configuration used for the offline results of the first part of the run (O4a), which are part of the GWTC-4 catalog (in preparation). We also give a brief summary of the online configuration and highlight some of the changes implemented or considered for the second part of O4 (O4b).
The multi-band template analysis (MBTA) pipeline is a low-latency coincident analysis pipeline for the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences. MBTA runs with a low computational cost, and can identify candidate GW events online with a sub-minute latency. The low computational running cost of MBTA also makes it useful for data quality studies. Events detected by MBTA online can be used to alert astronomical partners for electromagnetic follow-up. We outline the current status of MBTA and give details of recent pipeline upgrades and validation tests that were per…
We describe the Multi-Band Template Analysis (MBTA) search for gravitational waves signals from coalescences of compact objects in the LIGO-Virgo data, at the time of the third observing run (2019-2020), both for low-latency detections and for offline analysis. Details are given on the architecture and functioning of the pipeline, including transient noise mitigation strategies, parameter space for the searched signals, detection of candidates and evaluation of a false alarm rate associated to them. The performance of the low-latency search is demonstrated based on the LIGO-Virgo third observi…
We describe the method used by the Multi-Band Template Analysis (MBTA) pipeline to compute the probability of astrophysical origin, $p_{astro}$, of compact binary coalescence candidates in LIGO-Virgo data from the third observing run (O3). The calculation is performed as part of the offline analysis and is used to characterize candidate events, along with their source classification. The technical details and the implementation are described, as well as the results from the first half of the third observing run (O3a) published in GWTC-2.1. The performance of the method is assessed on injection…
We present a computational method to identify glitches in gravitational-wave data that occur nearby gravitational-wave signals from compact binary coalescences. The Q-transform, an established tool in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data analysis, computes the probability of any excess in the data surrounding a signal against the assumption of a Gaussian noise background, flagging any significant glitches. Subsequently, we perform validation tests on this computational method to ensure self-consistency in colored Gaussian noise, as well as data that contains a gravitational-wave event after subtracting the s…
Parameter Estimation on LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA O4a Binary Merger Triggers with Sub-solar Mass Components
Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur（蔚蓝海岸大学，蔚蓝海岸天文台）；Montana State University（蒙大拿州立大学）；Max Planck Institute for Physics（马克斯·普朗克物理研究所）；King’s College London, University of London（伦敦大学国王学院）
Upgrades to improve the sensitivity of gravitational wave detectors enable more frequent detections and more precise source parameter estimation. Unlike other advanced interferometric detectors such as Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, KAGRA requires different approach for the upgrade since it is the only detector which employs cryogenic cooling of the test masses. In this paper, we describe possible KAGRA upgrades with technologies focusing on different detector bands, and compare the impacts on the detection of compact binary coalescences. We show that either fivefold improvement in the $100…
We investigate the use of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for detection of gravitational-wave signals from compact binary coalescences. We show that the PSO is fast and effective in searching for gravitational wave signals. The PSO-based aligned-spin coincident multi-detector search recovers appreciably more gravitational-wave signals, for a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 10, the PSO based aligned-spin search recovers approximately 26 $\%$ more events as compared to the template bank searches. The PSO-based aligned-spin coincident search uses 48k matched-filtering operations, and p…
Standard detection and analysis techniques for transient gravitational waves make the assumption that detector data contains, at most, one signal at any time. As detectors improve in sensitivity, this assumption will no longer be valid. In this paper we examine how current search techniques for transient gravitational waves will behave under the presence of more than one signal. We perform searches on data sets containing time-overlapping compact binary coalescences. This includes a modelled, matched filter search (PyCBC), and an unmodelled coherent search, coherent WaveBurst (cWB). Both of th…
Overlap reduction functions for a polarized stochastic gravitational-wave background in the Einstein Telescope-Cosmic Explorer and the LISA-Taiji networks
本文将基于球谐展开的重叠减少函数计算方法推广到第三代地基 Einstein Telescope-Cosmic Explorer 网络及 LISA-Taiji 空间联合任务，以分析极化随机引力波背景。
Gravitational waves have only two polarization modes in General Relativity. However, there are six possible modes of polarization in metric theory of gravity in general. The tests of gravitational waves polarization can be tools for pursuing the nature of space-time structure. The observations of gravitational waves with a world-wide network of interferometric detectors such as Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA will make it possible to obtain the information of gravitational wave polarization from detector signals. We study the separability of the polarization modes for the inspiral grav…
The field of gravitational-wave astronomy has been opened up by gravitational-wave observations made with interferometric detectors. This review surveys the current state-of-the-art in gravitational-wave detectors and data analysis methods currently used by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory in the United States and the Virgo Observatory in Italy. These analysis methods will also be used in the recently completed KAGRA Observatory in Japan. Data analysis algorithms are developed to target one of four classes of gravitational waves. Short duration, transient sources include…
The birth of gravitational wave astronomy was triggered by the first detection of a signal produced by the merger of two compact objects (also known as a compact binary coalescence event). The following detections made by the Earth-based network of advanced interferometers had a significant impact in many fields of science: astrophysics, cosmology, nuclear physics and fundamental physics. However, compact binary coalescence signals are not the only type of gravitational waves potentially detectable by LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA. An interesting family of still undetected signals, and the ones that …
As the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo interferometers, soon to be joined by the KAGRA interferometer, increase their sensitivity, they detect an ever-larger number of gravitational waves with a significant presence of higher multipoles in addition to the dominant $(2, 2)$ multipole. These higher multipoles can be detected with different approaches, such as the minimally-modeled burst search methods, and here we discuss one such approach based on the coherent WaveBurst pipeline (cWB). During the inspiral phase the higher multipoles produce chirps whose instantaneous frequency is a multiple of…
Data from ground-based gravitational-wave detectors contains numerous short-duration instrumental artifacts, called "glitches." The high rate of these artifacts in turn results in a significant fraction of gravitational-wave signals from compact binary coalescences overlapping glitches. In LIGO-Virgo's third observing run, $\approx 20\%$ of signals required some form of mitigation due to glitches. This was the first observing run that glitch subtraction was included as a part of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data analysis methods for a large fraction of detected gravitational-wave events. This work describ…
Gravitational waves in general relativity contain two polarization degrees of freedom, commonly labeled plus and cross. Besides those two tensor modes, generic theories of gravity predict up to four additional polarization modes: two scalar and two vector. Detection of nontensorial modes in gravitational wave data would constitute a clean signature of physics beyond general relativity. Previous measurements have pointed to the unambiguous presence of tensor modes in gravitational waves, but the presence of additional generic nontensorial modes has not been directly tested. We propose a model-i…
Can machine learning improve the detectability and disentanglement of the gravitational-wave background?
Universiteit Antwerpen（安特卫普大学）；Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Artemis（蔚蓝海岸大学、蔚蓝海岸天文台、法国国家科学研究中心、Artemis）；LAPP, CNRS（拉帕克实验室、法国国家科学研究中心）；King’s College London, University of London（伦敦国王学院，伦敦大学）
The nature of black holes is one of most exciting issues in gravitational physics. If there is an exotic compact object as the compact as a black hole but without a horizon, gravitational wave echoes may be produced after the merger. In this work, we show that for extreme-mass-ratio binaries, even during the inspiraling phase of compact binary coalescence, the exists of hard surface of the exotic compact object will produce detectable signals on the gravitational waves. We predict that once the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA, Einstein Telescope or Cosmic Explorer detect such kind of sources, our model shows…
A pipeline to search for signatures of line-of-sight acceleration in gravitational wave signals produced by compact binary coalescences
Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics（大学间天文与天体物理中心）；Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto（多伦多大学加拿大理论天体物理研究所）；Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理学研究所（阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦研究所））；Leibniz University Hannover（汉诺威莱布尼茨大学）；Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Stavanger（斯塔万格大学数学与物理系）
Eccentricity constraints disfavor single-single capture in nuclear star clusters as the origin of all LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA binary black holes
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所（爱因斯坦研究所））；University of Maryland（马里兰大学）；University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）；California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院）；LIGO Laboratory（LIGO实验室）；Universitá degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学）；INFN, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca（意大利国家核物理研究所米兰比可卡分部）
Testing the spin-induced multipole moments of compact binary coalescences using the flexible theory-independent framework
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)（马克斯·普朗克引力物理研究所（爱因斯坦研究所））；University of Maryland（马里兰大学）；Chennai Mathematical Institute（金奈数学研究所）；International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research（塔塔基础研究所国际理论科学中心）
Bayesian hierarchical inference of phenomenological parameterized neutron star equations of state (EoS) from multiple gravitational wave observations of binary neutron star mergers is of fundamental importance in improving our understanding of neutron star structure, the general properties of matter at supra nuclear densities and the strong nuclear force. However, such an analysis is computationally costly as it is unable to re-use single-event EoS agnostic parameter estimation runs that are carried out regardless for generating gravitational wave transient catalogs. With the number of events …
Unraveling information about supranuclear-dense matter from the complete binary neutron star coalescence process using future gravitational-wave detector networks
The Einstein Telescope is a conceived third generation gravitational-wave detector that is envisioned to be an order of magnitude more sensitive than advanced LIGO, Virgo and Kagra, which would be able to detect gravitational-wave signals from the coalescence of compact objects with waveforms starting as low as 1Hz. With this level of sensitivity, we expect to detect sources at cosmological distances. In this paper we introduce an improved method for the generation of mock data and analyse it with a new low latency compact binary search pipeline called gstlal. We present the results from this …
With its last observing run, the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA collaboration has detected almost one hundred gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences. A common approach to studying the population properties of the observed binaries is to use phenomenological models to describe the spin, mass, and redshift distributions. More recently, with the aim of providing a clearer link to astrophysical processes forming the observed compact binaries coalescences, several authors have proposed to employ synthetic catalogs for population studies. In this paper, we review how to employ and interpret sy…
The worldwide advanced gravitational-wave (GW) detector network has so far primarily consisted of the two Advanced LIGO observatories at Hanford and Livingston, with Advanced Virgo joining the 2016-7 O2 observation run at a relatively late stage. However Virgo has been observing alongside the LIGO detectors since the start of the O3 run; in the near future, the KAGRA detector will join the global network and a further LIGO detector in India is under construction. Gravitational-wave search methods would therefore benefit from the ability to analyse data from an arbitrary network of detectors. I…
