AI 中文总结
本文研究先进处女座+引力波探测器在O4观测运行期间的校准及探测器应变h(t)重建。基于辅助执行器等进行校准，通过线性噪声减法等在线重建h(t)，生成分析就绪应变数据，用于离线数据分析并公开，提高了源参数估计精度。
AI 中文摘要
从协调世界时2024年4月10日15:00至2025年11月18日16:00，先进处女座+引力波探测器参与了始于协调世界时2023年5月24日15:00的LIGO - 处女座 - KAGRA O4观测运行。在O4b和O4c两个运行期，处女座探测器参与数据采集时，在线探测到约173个瞬态引力波源，均对应黑洞和中子星组成的双致密天体合并。尽管其在约55兆秒差距处灵敏度受限，但加入处女座探测器提高了源参数估计精度，尤其是探测事件的天空定位。本文描述了先进处女座+探测器校准、O4期间探测器应变h(t)的重建以及相关频率依赖不确定性的估计。探测器校准基于辅助执行器、牛顿校准器和光子校准器。h(t)重建包括线性噪声减法，在线处理延迟约10秒，随后离线生成分析就绪应变数据。多数情况下，应变时间序列是在线时间序列的副本，但频率依赖不确定性有所更新，在10 - 2000赫兹频段，幅度约2 - 3%，相位低于30毫弧度，50赫兹和150赫兹附近不确定性较大。分析就绪应变数据及相关不确定性已用于离线LIGO - 处女座 - KAGRA数据分析，并通过引力波开放科学中心公开。
英文摘要
From 10 April 2024 15:00 UTC to 18 November 2025 16:00 UTC, the AdvancedVirgo+ gravitational wave detector participated in the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA O4 observing run, started on 24 May 2023 15:00 UTC. Around 173 transient gravitational wave (GW) sources, all corresponding to coalescences of binary compact objects involving black holes and neutron stars, were detected online during the two run periods O4b and O4c when Virgo was taking data in the detector network. Despite its sensitivity being limited around 55 Mpc, the inclusion of Virgo into the network allowed to improve the accuracy of the source parameter estimation, in particular the sky localisation of the detected events. This article describes the AdvancedVirgo+ detector calibration and the reconstruction of the detector strain h(t) during O4, as well as the estimation of the associated frequency-dependent uncertainties. The detector calibration is based on auxiliary actuators, Newtonian Calibrators and Photon Calibrators, described in other publications. The h(t) reconstruction, including linear noise subtraction, was processed online with a latency of about 10 s. The so-called AnalysisReady strain data were then produced offline. Most of the time, the strain time series was a copy of the online time series, but with updated frequency-dependent uncertainties, around 2-3% in amplitude and below 30 mrad in phase in the 10-2000 Hz frequency band, with the exception of larger uncertainties around 50 Hz and 150 Hz. The AnalysisReady strain data and associated uncertainties have been used for the offline LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data analysis and are also the data made publicly available through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center (GWOSC).
