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arXiv 2501.03052physics.optics
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标量和矢量涡旋光的刀刃边缘衍射

Knife-Edge Diffraction of Scalar and Vector Vortex Light

School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Glasgow(格拉斯哥大学物理与天文学学院);Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul(南里奥格兰德联邦大学物理研究所)

Richard Aguiar Maduro, Amanda Kronhardt Fritsch, Sonja Franke-Arnold

AI总结:

本文提出利用刀刃边缘衍射来识别光的轨道角动量,通过分析弗雷斯涅尔衍射图案中形成的叉状缺陷,展示了简单刀刃边缘衍射在确定光涡旋相位的OAM中的应用,同时探讨了其在光学及其他领域中的潜在应用。

摘要:

各种方法已被引入以测量光的轨道角动量(OAM),从叉形全息图到多面棱镜干涉仪,从倾斜透镜到三角形孔径——每种方法都有其自身的优势和局限性。本文展示了如何利用简单的刀刃边缘衍射来识别光相位涡旋的OAM,通过弗雷斯涅尔衍射图案中形成的叉状缺陷来实现。对于没有净OAM的矢量涡旋光,传统弗雷斯涅尔条纹得以恢复,而几何阴影中的偏振在椭圆率上发生变化。观测到的衍射图案与模拟结果一致,其特征可以通过将衍射视为干涉现象来解释。刀刃边缘衍射不仅为相位和偏振涡旋的各种性质提供了有指导性的示例,还能够作为一种理想的快速确定光学OAM的方法,具有在其他领域中应用的潜力,其中替代的检测测量方法可能更难以实现。

英文摘要:

Various methods have been introduced to measure the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light, from fork holograms to Dove prism interferometers, from tilted lenses to triangular apertures - each with their own benefits and limitations. Here we demonstrate how simple knife-edge diffraction can be used to identify the OAM of an optical phase vortex from the formation of fork dislocations within the Fresnel diffraction pattern. For vector vortex beams without net OAM, the conventional Fresnel fringes are recovered, whereas the polarization in the geometric shadow is changed in its ellipticity. The observed diffraction patterns agree with simulations and their features can be explained by considering diffraction as an interference phenomenon. Knife-edge diffraction provides not only an instructive illustration of various properties of phase and polarization vortices, but can also serve as an ideal method for the quick determination of optical OAM, with potential applications beyond optics, where alternative detection measurement methods may be harder to realize.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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