基于涡旋光束光强分布分析的离轴位移测量方法
Method to measure off-axis displacements based on the analysis of the intensity distribution of a vortex beam
摘要：
研究了高斯光束通过螺旋相位板产生的夫琅禾费衍射图样的特性。我们通过解析和数值计算表明，输入光束的离轴位移会产生不对称的衍射图案。沿最大不对称性方向的强度分布显示出两个不同的峰。我们发现，这两个峰值之间的强度比呈指数下降与入射光束的离轴位移，衰减是陡峭的螺旋相位板的光学奇异性的强度越高。我们分析了如何使用这种强度比来测量输入光束的小失调，具有非常高的精度。
英文摘要：
We study the properties of the Fraunhofer diffraction patterns produced by Gaussian beams crossing spiral phase plates. We show, both analytically and numerically, that off-axis displacements of the input beam produce asymmetric diffraction patterns. The intensity profile along the direction of maximum asymmetry shows two different peaks. We find that the intensity ratio between these two peaks decreases exponentially with the off-axis displacement of the incident beam, the decay being steeper for higher strengths of the optical singularity of the spiral phase plate. We analyze how this intensity ratio can be used to measure small misalignments of the input beam with a very high precision.
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