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arXiv 2411.18367cs.CC
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公平多对一匹配的参数化复杂度

Parameterized Complexity of Fair Many-to-One Matchings

Ramin Javadi, Hossein Shokouhi

AI总结:

本文研究公平左完美多对一匹配问题的参数化复杂度,证明其在反馈顶点数等组合参数下为W[1]-难,在树宽与$V$最大度等组合参数下为FPT,为该问题的算法设计提供理论基础。

摘要:

给定一个二分图$G=(U\bigcup V,E)$,左完美多对一匹配是子集$M\subseteq E$,使得$U$中的每个顶点恰好与$M$中的一条边关联。若$U$被划分为若干组,则当且仅当对于每个$v\in V$,任意两组中与$v$匹配的顶点数量之差不超过给定阈值时,该匹配被称为公平的。本文针对公平左完美多对一匹配问题,研究其关于输入图结构参数的参数化复杂度。具体而言,证明该问题关于反馈顶点数、树深和$U$的最大度的组合参数是W[1]-难的;关于路径宽度、组数和$U$的最大度的组合参数也是W[1]-难的。在正面结果方面,证明该问题关于树宽和$V$的最大度的组合参数是固定参数可解(FPT)的;关于输入图的邻域多样性(这意味着关于顶点覆盖和模宽也是FPT)也是FPT的;最后证明该问题关于树深和组数的组合参数是FPT的。

英文摘要:

Given a bipartite graph $G=(U\cup V,E)$, a left-perfect many-to-one matching is a subset $M \subseteq E$ such that each vertex in $U$ is incident with exactly one edge in $M$. If $U$ is partitioned into some groups, the matching is called fair if for every $v\in V$, the difference between the number of vertices matched with $v$ in any two groups does not exceed a given threshold. In this paper, we investigate parameterized complexity of fair left-perfect many-to-one matching problem with respect to the structural parameters of the input graph. In particular, we prove that the problem is W[1]-hard with respect to the feedback vertex number, tree-depth and the maximum degree of $U$, combined. Also, it is W[1]-hard with respect to the path-width, the number of groups and the maximum degree of $U$, combined. In the positive side, we prove that the problem is FPT with respect to the treewidth and the maximum degree of $V$. Also, it is FPT with respect to the neighborhood diversity of the input graph (which implies being FPT with respect to vertex cover and modular-width). Finally, we prove that the problem is FPT with respect to the tree-depth and the number of groups.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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