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arXiv 2411.16396quant-phcs.LGmath.AGstat.ML
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量子奇异模型的统计推断

Statistical inference for quantum singular models

Keio University(庆应义塾大学);Sony Group Corporation(索尼集团公司)

Hiroshi Yano, Yota Maeda, Naoki Yamamoto

AI总结:

针对量子奇异模型理论理解有限的问题,本文基于经典奇异学习理论,在贝叶斯量子态估计框架下扩展,通过经典阴影引入似然函数量子类似物,构建量子泛化损失渐近无偏估计量QWAIC,用于模型选择。

摘要:

深度学习已取得显著成就,数值与理论证据表明统计模型的奇异性是其性能的一个影响因素。从经典统计模型的这一卓越成功出发,自然可预期量子奇异模型将在许多量子统计任务中发挥关键作用。然而,尽管正则情形下的量子统计模型理论已建立,但对量子奇异模型的理论理解仍有限。为研究量子奇异模型的统计性质,我们聚焦量子统计推断中的两个重要任务:量子态估计和模型选择。具体而言,我们基于经典奇异学习理论,寻求在贝叶斯量子态估计框架内对其进行扩展。为此,我们定义了量子泛化损失函数和训练损失函数,并通过代数几何方法给出它们的渐近展开。证明的关键思想是利用经典阴影引入似然函数的量子类似物。因此,我们构建了量子泛化损失的渐近无偏估计量——量子广泛适用信息准则(QWAIC),作为从给定测量结果中计算的模型选择指标。

英文摘要:

Deep learning has seen substantial achievements, with numerical and theoretical evidence suggesting that singularities of statistical models are considered a contributing factor to its performance. From this remarkable success of classical statistical models, it is naturally expected that quantum singular models will play a vital role in many quantum statistical tasks. However, while the theory of quantum statistical models in regular cases has been established, theoretical understanding of quantum singular models is still limited. To investigate the statistical properties of quantum singular models, we focus on two prominent tasks in quantum statistical inference: quantum state estimation and model selection. In particular, we base our study on classical singular learning theory and seek to extend it within the framework of Bayesian quantum state estimation. To this end, we define quantum generalization and training loss functions and give their asymptotic expansions through algebraic geometrical methods. The key idea of the proof is the introduction of a quantum analog of the likelihood function using classical shadows. Consequently, we construct an asymptotically unbiased estimator of the quantum generalization loss, the quantum widely applicable information criterion (QWAIC), as a computable model selection metric from given measurement outcomes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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