利用超导传感器的高精度激发态核反冲光谱学
High-Precision Excited-State Nuclear Recoil Spectroscopy with Superconducting Sensors
AI总结：
本研究利用掺杂稀有同位素的STJ超导传感器，首次实现单个选定核态的高分辨率eV量级核反冲光谱测量，对比经验模型与分子动力学模拟，结果对核物理及超出标准模型的前沿研究具有重要意义。
摘要：
掺杂稀有同位素的超导传感器近期展现出对核衰变产生的亚keV辐射的强大探测性能。本文中，我们报道了利用超导隧道结（STJ）传感器对单个选定核态开展的首次高分辨率反冲光谱研究。STJ传感器用于测量$^7$Be电子俘获衰变中产生的eV量级核反冲，该测量与衰变至$^7$Li最低激发核态时发射的478 keV $\boldsymbol{\u03b3}$射线符合进行。多普勒展宽的反冲谱的细节取决于反冲离子的慢化动力学。我们将测得的谱展宽与经验阻止本领模型以及低能下的现代分子动力学模拟进行了对比。这些结果在多个领域具有重要意义，涵盖核结构、eV量级能量下的阻止本领，以及暗物质直接搜寻、中微子质量测量和其他超出标准模型的物理研究。
英文摘要：
Superconducting sensors doped with rare isotopes have recently demonstrated powerful sensing performance for sub-keV radiation from nuclear decay. Here, we report the first high-resolution recoil spectroscopy of a single, selected nuclear state using superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) sensors. The STJ sensors were used to measure the eV-scale nuclear recoils produced in $^7$Be electron capture decay in coincidence with a 478 keV $γ$-ray emitted in decays to the lowest-lying excited nuclear state in $^7$Li. Details of the Doppler broadened recoil spectrum depend on the slow-down dynamics of the recoil ion. The measured spectral broadening is compared to empirical stopping power models as well as modern molecular dynamics simulations at low energy. The results have implications in several areas from nuclear structure and stopping powers at eV-scale energies to direct searches for dark matter, neutrino mass measurements, and other physics beyond the standard model.
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