arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2411.02759astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COastro-ph.HE
收藏

从低到高黑洞质量的类星体吸积盘时标及高质量端的转折现象

Timescales of Quasar Accretion Discs from Low to High Black Hole Masses and a Turnover at the High Mass End

Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学天体物理学与天文学研究学院);Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics (CGA), Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学引力天体物理中心);Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Space & Astronomy(联邦科学与工业研究组织空间与天文部);Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution, Ehime University(爱媛大学宇宙演化研究中心);Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii(夏威夷大学天文学研究所)

C. Wolf, S. Lai, J. -J. Tang, J. Tonry

AI总结:

本研究通过标准薄盘模型计算不同黑洞质量、波长和爱丁顿比下类星体吸积盘的发射加权平均半径与轨道时标,发现高质量端时标-质量关系存在转折,并给出拟合的解析函数。

摘要:

类星体紫外-光学随机光变的特征时标可能与其黑洞质量$M_{\rm BH}$相关,关联程度与吸积盘中的物理时标相当。我们计算了标准薄盘模型的发射加权平均半径$R_{\rm mean}$和轨道时标$t_{\rm mean}$,覆盖的发射波长$λ$为1000至10000埃,$M_{\rm BH}$为$10^6$至$10^{11}$倍太阳质量,爱丁顿比为0.01至1。在低$M_{\rm BH}$下,我们发现符合教科书结论的$t_{\rm mean}\propto M_{\rm BH}^{-1/2}$关系,同时$R_{\rm mean} \approx 常数$;但向更高质量过渡时,不断增大的事件视界使得$R_{\rm mean} \propto M_{\rm BH}$,进而导致$t_{\rm mean}$的关系转折为$t_{\rm mean}\propto M_{\rm BH}$。对于$\log L_{\rm bol}=47$的类星体,$t_{\rm mean}$开始上升的转折质量为$M_{\rm BH}\approx 9.5$(对数单位,太阳质量),这意味着$t_{\rm mean}$的转折恰好处于高光度类星体样本的质量范围内,因此这类样本的光变时标可能几乎不表现出质量依赖性。我们对结果拟合了平滑折断幂律,并给出了$R_{\rm mean}(λ,M_{\rm BH},L_{3000})$和$t_{\rm mean}(λ,M_{\rm BH},L_{3000})$的解析便捷函数。

英文摘要:

Characteristic time scales in the stochastic UV-optical variability of quasars may depend on the mass of their black holes, $M_{\rm BH}$, as much as physical timescales in their accretion discs do. We calculate emission-weighted mean radii, $R_{\rm mean}$, and orbital timescales, $t_{\rm mean}$, of standard thin disc models for emission wavelengths $λ$ from 1000 to 10000 AA, $M_{\rm BH}$ from $10^6$ to $10^{11}$ solar masses, and Eddington ratios from 0.01 to 1. At low $M_{\rm BH}$, we find the textbook behaviour of $t_{\rm mean}\propto M_{\rm BH}^{-1/2}$ alongside $R_{\rm mean} \approx \mathrm{const}$, but toward higher masses the growing event horizon imposes $R_{\rm mean} \propto M_{\rm BH}$ and thus a turnover into $t_{\rm mean}\propto M_{\rm BH}$. For quasars of $\log L_{\rm bol}=47$, the turnover mass, where $t_{\rm mean}$ starts rising is $M_{\rm BH}\approx 9.5$, which means that the turnover in $t_{\rm mean}$ is well within the range of high-luminosity quasar samples, whose variability time scales might thus show little mass dependence. We fit smoothly broken power laws to the results and provide analytic convenience functions for $R_{\rm mean}(λ,M_{\rm BH},L_{3000})$ and $t_{\rm mean}(λ,M_{\rm BH},L_{3000})$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑