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arXiv 2410.09660math.OCcs.LGmath.DGstat.ML
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SPD流形上约束优化的结构化正则化

Structured Regularization for Constrained Optimization on the SPD Manifold

Harvard University(哈佛大学)

Andrew Cheng, Melanie Weber

AI总结:

针对SPD流形约束优化中黎曼算法的计算瓶颈,提出基于对称规范函数的结构化正则化器,通过保持凸性或凸差结构,实现用高效无约束方法求解约束问题,数值实验验证了其有效性。

摘要:

涉及对称正定(SPD)矩阵的矩阵值优化任务广泛存在于机器学习、数据科学和统计学应用中。经典方法通过约束欧氏优化求解此类问题,即将定义域视为欧氏空间,并将矩阵结构(如正定性)作为约束条件。近期提出的几何方法则利用参数化技术,将问题转化为对应矩阵流形上的无约束任务。尽管这些方法在多数场景下具有算法优势,但无法直接处理附加约束(如不等式约束或稀疏约束)。约束黎曼优化方法(特别是Riemannian Frank-Wolfe和Projected Gradient Descent)为此提供了解决方案,但两种算法均需计算代价高昂的子程序,在实际应用中可能引发计算瓶颈。为缓解上述缺陷,我们提出一类基于对称规范函数的结构化正则化器,使得能够运用更高效的无约束方法求解SPD流形上的约束优化问题。理论证明该结构化正则化器可被设计为保持或诱导出理想结构,特别是凸性及

英文摘要:

Matrix-valued optimization tasks, including those involving symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices, arise in a wide range of applications in machine learning, data science and statistics. Classically, such problems are solved via constrained Euclidean optimization, where the domain is viewed as a Euclidean space and the structure of the matrices (e.g., positive definiteness) enters as constraints. More recently, geometric approaches that leverage parametrizations of the problem as unconstrained tasks on the corresponding matrix manifold have been proposed. While they exhibit algorithmic benefits in many settings, they cannot directly handle additional constraints, such as inequality or sparsity constraints. A remedy comes in the form of constrained Riemannian optimization methods, notably, Riemannian Frank-Wolfe and Projected Gradient Descent. However, both algorithms require potentially expensive subroutines that can introduce computational bottlenecks in practise. To mitigate these shortcomings, we introduce a class of structured regularizers, based on symmetric gauge functions, which allow for solving constrained optimization on the SPD manifold with faster unconstrained methods. We show that our structured regularizers can be chosen to preserve or induce desirable structure, in particular convexity and "difference of convex" structure. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in numerical experiments.

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