Potts量子自旋链上的禁闭与假真空衰变
Confinement and false vacuum decay on the Potts quantum spin chain
AI总结：
本文研究了混合场三态Potts量子链在量子淬火后的非平衡动力学，通过半经典近似与精确对角化获得激发谱，揭示了重子激发、动力学禁闭、Bloch振荡及部分局域化等丰富现象。
摘要：
我们研究了铁磁区域内混合场三态Potts量子链在量子淬火后的非平衡动力学。与Ising自旋链的类似设定相比，Potts模型具有更丰富的唯象学，这部分源于谱中的重子激发，部分源于初始磁化强度与纵向场的多种可能相对取向。我们结合半经典近似和精确对角化获得了激发谱，并利用这些结果解释了观察到的各种动力学行为。除了恢复动力学禁闭以及类似于Ising链中由Bloch振荡引起的Wannier-Stark局域化外，一个新特征是淬火光谱中存在重子激发。此外，当初始磁化强度与纵向场未对齐时，禁闭和Bloch振荡仅导致部分局域化，某些关联仍保持未受抑制的光锥行为，并伴随纠缠熵的相应增长。
英文摘要：
We consider non-equilibrium dynamics after quantum quenches in the mixed-field three-state Potts quantum chain in the ferromagnetic regime. Compared to the analogous setting for the Ising spin chain, the Potts model has a much richer phenomenology, which originates partly from baryonic excitations in the spectrum and partly from the various possible relative alignments of the initial magnetisation and the longitudinal field. We obtain the excitation spectrum by combining semi-classical approximation and exact diagonalisation, and we use the results to explain the various dynamical behaviours we observe. Besides recovering dynamical confinement, as well as Wannier-Stark localisation due to Bloch oscillations similar to the Ising chain, a novel feature is the presence of baryonic excitations in the quench spectroscopy. In addition, when the initial magnetisation and the longitudinal field are misaligned, both confinement and Bloch oscillations only result in partial localisation, with some correlations retaining an unsuppressed light-cone behaviour together with a corresponding growth of entanglement entropy.
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