约束真空与Q<1的Q态Potts模型
Confining vacua and Q-state Potts models with Q<1
摘要：
在大多数杨-米尔斯模型中，磁单极子凝聚的真空与中心涡旋渗透的真空相一致，因此不清楚这两种性质中哪一种最直接地参与产生禁闭。指出有一类三维规范模型可以看作是Q < 1的Q态Potts模型的推广，其中磁凝聚是中心涡渗流的必要但非充分条件。在Q=1/10时的一组数值试验表明，在大的威尔逊圈服从周长定律的意义上，存在一个真空，在该真空中磁凝聚不产生约束。在这样的真空中，中心涡旋形成了环状的稀释气体。在较强的耦合下，也存在一个真正的限制真空，其中两种限制机制都存在。
英文摘要：
In most Yang-Mills models the vacuum where magnetic monopoles condense coincides with that where center vortices percolate, thus it is not clear which of these two properties is most directly involved in producing confinement. It is pointed out that there is a class of 3D gauge models, which can be though of as duals of Q-state Potts models with Q < 1, where the magnetic monopole condensation is a necessary but not sufficient condition for percolation of center vortices. A set of numerical tests at Q=1/10 shows that there is a vacuum in which the magnetic monopole condensate does not yield confinement, in the sense that large Wilson loops obey a perimeter law. In such a vacuum the center vortices form a dilute gas of loops. At stronger coupling there is also a truly confining vacuum where both confining mechanisms are present.
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