量子承诺与量子单向性之间的谕示分离
Oracle Separation Between Quantum Commitments and Quantum One-wayness
AI总结：
本文通过构造谕示分离证明量子承诺存在而单向态生成器不存在，排除了从承诺到单向态生成器的黑盒构造，从而表明量子承诺及其等价类在所有已知密码学原语中严格最弱。
摘要：
我们证明存在一个谕示，相对于该谕示，量子承诺存在，但不存在（可高效验证的）单向态生成器。两者都被广泛视为取代单向函数作为密码学最小假设的候选对象：即所有计算密码学所蕴含的最弱密码学假设。近期工作表明，承诺可以由单向态生成器构造，但另一个方向仍然悬而未决。我们的结果排除了任何黑盒构造，从而解决了这一关键开放问题，表明量子承诺（及其等价类 EFI 对、量子不经意传输和安全的量子多方计算）在所有已知密码学原语中似乎严格最弱。
英文摘要：
We show that there exists an oracle relative to which quantum commitments exist but no (efficiently verifiable) one-way state generators exist. Both have been widely considered candidates for replacing one-way functions as the minimal assumption for cryptography: the weakest cryptographic assumption implied by all of computational cryptography. Recent work has shown that commitments can be constructed from one-way state generators, but the other direction has remained open. Our results rule out any black-box construction, and thus settles this crucial open problem, suggesting that quantum commitments (as well as its equivalency class of EFI pairs, quantum oblivious transfer, and secure quantum multiparty computation) appear to be strictly weakest among all known cryptographic primitives.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
