数字时代进步的局限
The limits of progress in the digital era
AI总结：
本文反思数字时代的进步观念，指出技术知识尤其软件设计存在材料、科学与工程层面的内在限制，主张进步概念必须纳入这些边界。
摘要：
进步的概念显然渗透在科学、技术、经济和社会活动中。它是我们作为研究人员日常活动的驱动载体（或许也是主要载体）。在伯克利大学校园各处醒目展示的 InThisGen 倡议及其核心命题（我们能在一代人之内改变什么？），清楚体现了一个潜在假设：进步不仅可能，而且值得追求。然而，关于进步的概念出现了两个主要关切。首先，进步意味着某种向前行进，也就是旅途中的方向。但决定路线中的道路显然意味着，我们作为个人和社会正在明确或隐含地界定目标。也就是说，进步概念包含一组潜在价值。此外，科学研究中的概念范式（或许也包括我们整个时代精神）正在假定某种无止境的进步。确实，许多技术创新及其随后对社会的影响都遭遇过抵制，从卢德派到生态主义运动皆是如此。但过去150年（即我们这所大学所处的时代）见证了知识、财富和福利的巨大而普遍的增长，表明进步如何能够长期持续，并对人类和社会产生积极影响。在这篇论文中，我们将尝试讨论这些边界，探讨材料、科学知识和技术诀窍方面的限制。我们将主要关注数字时代的一个关键方面，即软件设计中技术知识的局限性。我们将在全文中论述的主要论点是：技术知识存在内在限制，进步概念应当将这些限制纳入考虑。
英文摘要：
The concept of progress clearly percolates the activities in science, technology, economy and society. It is a driving vector (probably the main vector) of our daily activity as researchers. The InThisGen initiative, proudly displayed in places across the University of Berkeley campus, and its headline lemma (what can we change in a single generation?) are clear exponents of the underlying assumption that progress is not only possible but also desirable. But about the concept of progress two major concerns arise. First of all, progress means some kind of going forward, that is a direction in a journey. But deciding the way in the route clearly implies that we are explicit or implicitly defining the goals, as individuals and as society. That is, the concept of progress has a set of underlying values. Additionally, the conceptual paradigm in scientific research (and probably in the whole spirit of our times) it is assuming some kind of endless progress. It is true that many technological innovations and their subsequent impact on society have found resistance, from Luddites to ecologist movements. But the last 150 years (the age of our university) have been witness of an enormous and general increase in knowledge, wealth and welfare, showing how progress can be sustained in the long-term and positively influence the human beings and the society. In this contribution will try to discuss these bounds, addressing the limits of materials, scientific knowledge and technological know-how. We will mainly focus on the limitations in technological knowledge in the software design, a key aspect of the digital era. Our main thesis, which will be addressed through the paper, is that there are intrinsic limits to technological knowledge and the concept of progress should take them into account.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
